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Human EP2 prostanoid receptors exhibit more constraints to mutations than human DP prostanoid receptors
Prostanoids are lipid mediators and play very important roles in the generation of inflammatory responses. Although, inflammation is essentially beneficial for infections and injuries, it has occasionally been implicated in the pathogeneses of cancer, arthritis, stroke, and/or cardiovascular as well as neurodegenerative diseases [1]. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is the most abundant of the five main prostanoids, throughout the body and acts as a very potent mediator that exhibits many biological activities [1,2].
Source: FEBS Letters - February 11, 2015 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Jun Tanimoto, Hiromichi Fujino, Hiroki Takahashi, Toshihiko Murayama Source Type: research

SUMO proteomics to decipher the SUMO‐modified proteome regulated by various diseases
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
Source: Proteomics - September 19, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Wei Yang, Wulf Paschen Tags: Review Source Type: research

Hypoxia-induced miR-497 decreases glioma cell sensitivity to TMZ by inhibiting apoptosis
Hypoxia is a common characteristic of rapidly growing tumors [1]. Hypoxic conditions induce many different types of physiological or pathophysiological responses, including high-altitude adaptation, stroke, wound healing, myocardial infarction, and cancer [2]. These changes are carefully controlled by a large number of hypoxia-inducible genes [2]. Among these genes, hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF1α) is the key transcription factor induced by hypoxia, increasing the expression of many genes that are involved in metastasis, tumor recurrence, and angiogenesis [3–5].
Source: FEBS Letters - July 28, 2014 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Jin Lan, Yajun Xue, Huairui Chen, Sanhu Zhao, Zhijian Wu, Jun Fang, Cong Han, Meiqing Lou Source Type: research

Arguments Against Non-programmed Aging Theories.
Abstract Until recently, non-programmed theories of biological aging were popular because of the widespread perception that the evolution process could not support the development and retention of programmed aging in mammals. However, newer evolutionary mechanics theories including group selection, kin selection, and evolvability theory support mammal programmed aging, and multiple programmed aging theories have been published based on the new mechanics. Some proponents of non-programmed aging still contend that their non-programmed theories are superior despite the new mechanics concepts. However, as summarized h...
Source: Biochemistry (Moscow) - September 1, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Goldsmith TC Tags: Biochemistry (Mosc) Source Type: research

Preparation of well-defined ibuprofen prodrug micelles by RAFT polymerization.
Abstract Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used to treat acute pain, fever and inflammation and are being explored in a new indication in cancer. Side effects associated with long-term use of NSAIDs such as gastrointestinal damage and elevated risk of stroke, however, can limit their use and exploration in new indications.　Here we report a facile method to prepare well-defined amphiphilic diblock copolymer NSAID prodrugs by direct reversible addition fragmentation transfer (RAFT) polymerization of the acrylamide derivative of ibuprofen (IBU), a widely used NSAID. The synthesis and self-as...
Source: Biomacromolecules - August 12, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Hasegawa U, van der Vlies AJ, Wandrey C, Hubbell JA Tags: Biomacromolecules Source Type: research

The impact of hypoxia on cell death pathways.
Abstract Hypoxia is a frequently encountered feature of the cellular microenvironment in a number of pathophysiological processes in which programmed cell death (apoptosis) affects disease progression including, but not limited to, cancer, chronic inflammation, myocardial infarction, stroke and ischaemic acute kidney injury. In these diseases, the presence of hypoxia can significantly affect the rate of cell death and thus may make a significant contribution to disease progression. In the present review, we discuss the complex relationship that exists between the presence of hypoxia and the regulation of cell deat...
Source: Biochemical Society Transactions - April 1, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Lenihan CR, Taylor CT Tags: Biochem Soc Trans Source Type: research

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