Gender and Racial Discrimination in Hiring Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from a Field Experiment of Accountants, 2018-2020
Work Occup. 2022 Aug;49(3):275-315. doi: 10.1177/07308884221094539.ABSTRACTIn this article, we ask whether macro-level changes during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic relate to changes in the levels of discrimination against women and Black job-seekers at the point of hire. We develop three main hypotheses: that discrimination against women and Black job-seekers increases due to a reduction in labor demand; that discrimination against women decreases due to the reduced supply of women employees and applicants; and that discrimination against Black job-seekers decreases due to increased attention toward racial inequi...
Source: Work and Occupations - April 11, 2024 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Koji Chavez Katherine Weisshaar Tania Cabello-Hutt Source Type: research
Precarious Employment and Well-Being: Insights from the COVID-19 Pandemic
Work Occup. 2023 Feb;50(1):3-21. doi: 10.1177/07308884221143063.ABSTRACTWhile precarious employment is not a new concept, it has been brought to the center of scholarly and public discourse worldwide by the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic. This essay delineates how precarious employment shapes well-being and situates that relationship in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The essay also provides an overview of how the nine articles boldly investigate how these two layers of global risk-precarious employment and the pandemic-interact to shape individuals' well-being. In addition to advancing theoretical and empirical kno...
Source: Work and Occupations - April 11, 2024 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Quan D Mai Lijun Song Rachel Donnelly Source Type: research
Do Workers Speak Up When Feeling Job Insecure? Examining Workers' Response to Precarity During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Work Occup. 2023 Feb;50(1):97-129. doi: 10.1177/07308884221128481.ABSTRACTThe COVID-19 pandemic inflicted unprecedented precarity upon workers, including concerns about job insecurity. We examine whether workers respond to job insecurity with voice, and assess the role of unions, managers, and employment arrangements in this relationship. Analyses of an original 2020 survey representative of Illinois and Michigan workers show that job insecurity is not significantly associated with voice. Further, while we find that union membership and confidence in organized labor are positively associated with voice, insecure workers ar...
Source: Work and Occupations - April 11, 2024 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Hye Jin Rho Christine Riordan Christian Lyhne Ibsen J Ryan Lamare Maite Tapia Source Type: research
The Politics of Prevention: Polarization in How Workplace COVID-19 Safety Practices Shaped the Well-Being of Frontline Service Sector Workers
Work Occup. 2023 Feb;50(1):130-162. doi: 10.1177/07308884221125821.ABSTRACTThe COVID-19 pandemic dramatically reshaped the labor market, especially for service sector workers. Frontline service sector workers, already coping with precarious working conditions, faced proximate risks of COVID-19 transmission on the job and navigated new workplace safety measures, including masking, social distancing, and staying home while sick, all in a polarized political environment. We examine polarization in the effects of COVID-19 workplace safety measures on workers' feelings of safety and well-being. Specifically, we examine how supp...
Source: Work and Occupations - April 11, 2024 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Tyler Woods Daniel Schneider Kristen Harknett Source Type: research
The Measurement of Precarious Work and Market Conditions: Insights from the COVID-19 Disruption on Sample Selection
Work Occup. 2023 Feb;50(1):22-59. doi: 10.1177/07308884221127636.ABSTRACTThe precarious work construct combines employment instability and employment-contingent outcomes. Yet, I argue that confining the scope of the investigation to employed individuals creates a sample selection that disguises the heterogeneous nature of employment instability. The COVID-19 skyrocketing unemployment rate provides both a compelling motivation and a unique opportunity to revisit the construct of precarious work. Using pre-COVID and COVID-19 era data of the working-age population in Israel, the results demonstrate that by pushing less stable...
Source: Work and Occupations - April 11, 2024 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Sigal Alon Source Type: research
Gig Work and the Pandemic: Looking for Good Pay from Bad Jobs During the COVID-19 Crisis
Work Occup. 2023 Feb;50(1):60-96. doi: 10.1177/07308884221128511.ABSTRACTCOVID-19 led to work hour reductions and layoffs for many Americans with wage/salary jobs. Some gig work, however, which is usually considered precarious, remained available. We examine whether people doing gig microtasks right before the pandemic increased their microtask hours during COVID-19 and whether those changes helped them financially. Using data from workers on Amazon's Mechanical Turk platform from February, March, and April of 2020, we find that roughly one third of existing workers increased their microtask hours. Increases were larger fo...
Source: Work and Occupations - April 11, 2024 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Jeremy Reynolds Reilly Kincaid Source Type: research
Gender and Racial Discrimination in Hiring Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from a Field Experiment of Accountants, 2018-2020
Work Occup. 2022 Aug;49(3):275-315. doi: 10.1177/07308884221094539.ABSTRACTIn this article, we ask whether macro-level changes during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic relate to changes in the levels of discrimination against women and Black job-seekers at the point of hire. We develop three main hypotheses: that discrimination against women and Black job-seekers increases due to a reduction in labor demand; that discrimination against women decreases due to the reduced supply of women employees and applicants; and that discrimination against Black job-seekers decreases due to increased attention toward racial inequi...
Source: Work and Occupations - April 11, 2024 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Koji Chavez Katherine Weisshaar Tania Cabello-Hutt Source Type: research
Precarious Employment and Well-Being: Insights from the COVID-19 Pandemic
Work Occup. 2023 Feb;50(1):3-21. doi: 10.1177/07308884221143063.ABSTRACTWhile precarious employment is not a new concept, it has been brought to the center of scholarly and public discourse worldwide by the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic. This essay delineates how precarious employment shapes well-being and situates that relationship in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The essay also provides an overview of how the nine articles boldly investigate how these two layers of global risk-precarious employment and the pandemic-interact to shape individuals' well-being. In addition to advancing theoretical and empirical kno...
Source: Work and Occupations - April 11, 2024 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Quan D Mai Lijun Song Rachel Donnelly Source Type: research
Do Workers Speak Up When Feeling Job Insecure? Examining Workers' Response to Precarity During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Work Occup. 2023 Feb;50(1):97-129. doi: 10.1177/07308884221128481.ABSTRACTThe COVID-19 pandemic inflicted unprecedented precarity upon workers, including concerns about job insecurity. We examine whether workers respond to job insecurity with voice, and assess the role of unions, managers, and employment arrangements in this relationship. Analyses of an original 2020 survey representative of Illinois and Michigan workers show that job insecurity is not significantly associated with voice. Further, while we find that union membership and confidence in organized labor are positively associated with voice, insecure workers ar...
Source: Work and Occupations - April 11, 2024 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Hye Jin Rho Christine Riordan Christian Lyhne Ibsen J Ryan Lamare Maite Tapia Source Type: research
The Politics of Prevention: Polarization in How Workplace COVID-19 Safety Practices Shaped the Well-Being of Frontline Service Sector Workers
Work Occup. 2023 Feb;50(1):130-162. doi: 10.1177/07308884221125821.ABSTRACTThe COVID-19 pandemic dramatically reshaped the labor market, especially for service sector workers. Frontline service sector workers, already coping with precarious working conditions, faced proximate risks of COVID-19 transmission on the job and navigated new workplace safety measures, including masking, social distancing, and staying home while sick, all in a polarized political environment. We examine polarization in the effects of COVID-19 workplace safety measures on workers' feelings of safety and well-being. Specifically, we examine how supp...
Source: Work and Occupations - April 11, 2024 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Tyler Woods Daniel Schneider Kristen Harknett Source Type: research
The Measurement of Precarious Work and Market Conditions: Insights from the COVID-19 Disruption on Sample Selection
Work Occup. 2023 Feb;50(1):22-59. doi: 10.1177/07308884221127636.ABSTRACTThe precarious work construct combines employment instability and employment-contingent outcomes. Yet, I argue that confining the scope of the investigation to employed individuals creates a sample selection that disguises the heterogeneous nature of employment instability. The COVID-19 skyrocketing unemployment rate provides both a compelling motivation and a unique opportunity to revisit the construct of precarious work. Using pre-COVID and COVID-19 era data of the working-age population in Israel, the results demonstrate that by pushing less stable...
Source: Work and Occupations - April 11, 2024 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Sigal Alon Source Type: research
Gig Work and the Pandemic: Looking for Good Pay from Bad Jobs During the COVID-19 Crisis
Work Occup. 2023 Feb;50(1):60-96. doi: 10.1177/07308884221128511.ABSTRACTCOVID-19 led to work hour reductions and layoffs for many Americans with wage/salary jobs. Some gig work, however, which is usually considered precarious, remained available. We examine whether people doing gig microtasks right before the pandemic increased their microtask hours during COVID-19 and whether those changes helped them financially. Using data from workers on Amazon's Mechanical Turk platform from February, March, and April of 2020, we find that roughly one third of existing workers increased their microtask hours. Increases were larger fo...
Source: Work and Occupations - April 11, 2024 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Jeremy Reynolds Reilly Kincaid Source Type: research
Gender and Racial Discrimination in Hiring Before and During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Evidence from a Field Experiment of Accountants, 2018-2020
Work Occup. 2022 Aug;49(3):275-315. doi: 10.1177/07308884221094539.ABSTRACTIn this article, we ask whether macro-level changes during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic relate to changes in the levels of discrimination against women and Black job-seekers at the point of hire. We develop three main hypotheses: that discrimination against women and Black job-seekers increases due to a reduction in labor demand; that discrimination against women decreases due to the reduced supply of women employees and applicants; and that discrimination against Black job-seekers decreases due to increased attention toward racial inequi...
Source: Work and Occupations - April 11, 2024 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Koji Chavez Katherine Weisshaar Tania Cabello-Hutt Source Type: research
Precarious Employment and Well-Being: Insights from the COVID-19 Pandemic
Work Occup. 2023 Feb;50(1):3-21. doi: 10.1177/07308884221143063.ABSTRACTWhile precarious employment is not a new concept, it has been brought to the center of scholarly and public discourse worldwide by the unprecedented COVID-19 pandemic. This essay delineates how precarious employment shapes well-being and situates that relationship in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The essay also provides an overview of how the nine articles boldly investigate how these two layers of global risk-precarious employment and the pandemic-interact to shape individuals' well-being. In addition to advancing theoretical and empirical kno...
Source: Work and Occupations - April 11, 2024 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Quan D Mai Lijun Song Rachel Donnelly Source Type: research
Do Workers Speak Up When Feeling Job Insecure? Examining Workers' Response to Precarity During the COVID-19 Pandemic
Work Occup. 2023 Feb;50(1):97-129. doi: 10.1177/07308884221128481.ABSTRACTThe COVID-19 pandemic inflicted unprecedented precarity upon workers, including concerns about job insecurity. We examine whether workers respond to job insecurity with voice, and assess the role of unions, managers, and employment arrangements in this relationship. Analyses of an original 2020 survey representative of Illinois and Michigan workers show that job insecurity is not significantly associated with voice. Further, while we find that union membership and confidence in organized labor are positively associated with voice, insecure workers ar...
Source: Work and Occupations - April 11, 2024 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Hye Jin Rho Christine Riordan Christian Lyhne Ibsen J Ryan Lamare Maite Tapia Source Type: research
