Price, Cost, and Value of Cancer Medicines: A Pharmaceutical Industry Perspective
More than 1.8 million cancer diagnoses will be made in 2020 driving substantial health and economic burden for patients. The financial impact of out-of-pocket payments for hospital stays, outpatient services, physician appointments, and prescription drugs is a particular challenge. At the same time, the treatment of cancer is undergoing substantial transformation with growing benefits for patients. The complex factors contributing to the economic burden must be addressed so that patients have broad access to innovative oncology medicines both today and tomorrow. There are 2 parallel actions that are needed to drive broad r...
Source: The Cancer Journal - July 1, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Introduction by the Guest Editors
No abstract available (Source: The Cancer Journal)
Source: The Cancer Journal - July 1, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Immune and Cell Therapy in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
The promise of immunotherapy has shone brightly for decades in hematologic malignancies and specifically in non-Hodgkin lymphoma. The last decade has witnessed the emergence of completely novel forms of immunotherapy, including immune checkpoint blockade, bispecific antibodies, and chimeric antigen receptor T cells. These treatments have shown phenomenal, and in some cases possibly curative, successes in various relapsed/refractory lymphomas. This review summarizes the most notable successes and promising findings as well as some of the attendant failures. These treatments will doubtlessly transform the treatment paradigms...
Source: The Cancer Journal - May 1, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
HIV Lymphoma and Burkitts Lymphoma
This article examines HIV lymphoma and includes Burkitt lymphoma in the general population. (Source: The Cancer Journal)
Source: The Cancer Journal - May 1, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Diagnosis, Risk Stratification, and Treatment of Peripheral T-Cell Lymphomas: Past and Present
Peripheral T-cell lymphomas represent an evolving class of aggressive T-cell malignancies that are generally refractory to conventional treatments and historically carry a poor prognosis. Recent advances in gene expression profiling have begun to unravel the specific molecular mechanisms of tumorigenesis in these disease processes, allowing for discrete classification schemes that help guide discussions regarding prognosis and therapy options. We outline here a review of the histopathology, epidemiology, clinical features, and treatment strategies currently used in the management of these diseases. (Source: The Cancer Journal)
Source: The Cancer Journal - May 1, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Central Nervous System Lymphoma: Approach to Diagnosis and Treatment
Central nervous system lymphoma (CNSL) is a rare form of extranodal non-Hodgkin lymphoma. Central nervous system lymphoma can be primary (isolated to the central nervous space) or secondary in the setting of systemic disease. Treatment of CNSL has improved since the introduction of high-dose methotrexate and aggressive consolidation regimens. However, results after treatment are durable in only half of patients, and long-term survivors may experience late neurotoxicity, impacting quality of life. Given the rarity of this disease, few randomized prospective trials exist. This leaves many questions unanswered regarding optim...
Source: The Cancer Journal - May 1, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Advances in Treatment of Follicular Lymphoma
Follicular lymphoma (FL) is a heterogeneous disease with varying prognosis owing to differences in clinical, laboratory, and disease parameters. Although generally considered incurable, prognosis for early and advanced stage disease has improved because of therapeutic advances, several of which have resulted from elucidation of the biologic and molecular basis of the disease. The choice of treatment for FL is highly dependent on patient and disease characteristics. Several tools are available for risk stratification, although limitations in their routine clinical use exist. For limited disease, treatment options include ra...
Source: The Cancer Journal - May 1, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Radiotherapy for Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas
Radiotherapy (RT) plays a diverse and essential role in the contemporary management of non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and remains the single most powerful monotherapeutic intervention for both aggressive and indolent subtypes. Over the past decade, there have been significant advancements in radiation oncology practice, which have made modern treatments safer and more conformal. Despite this sophistication and evidence supporting a continued role for RT, numerous data suggest that utilization is on the decline. In this review, we discuss the rationale for RT in 4 commonly encountered scenarios: combined modality therapy for li...
Source: The Cancer Journal - May 1, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Role of Microenvironment in Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma: Understanding the Composition and Biology
Lymphoma microenvironment is a dynamic and well-orchestrated network of various immune and stromal cells that is indispensable for tumor cell survival, growth, migration, immune escape, and drug resistance. Recent progress has enhanced our knowledge of the pivotal role of microenvironment in lymphomagenesis. Understanding the characteristics, functions, and contributions of various components of the tumor niche, along with its bidirectional interactions with tumor cells, is paramount. It offers the potential to identify new therapeutic targets with the ability to restore antitumor immune surveillance and eliminate the prot...
Source: The Cancer Journal - May 1, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Molecular Classification and Treatment of Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma and Primary Mediastinal B-Cell Lymphoma
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) encompasses a group of aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas with striking genetic heterogeneity and variable clinical presentations. Among these is primary mediastinal B-cell lymphoma (PMBL), which has unique clinical and molecular features resembling Hodgkin lymphoma. Treatment of DLBCL is usually curative, but identifiable subsets at highest risk for treatment failure may benefit from intensified chemotherapy regimens and/or targeted agents added to frontline therapy. Recent comprehensive genomic analyses have identified distinct genetic subtypes of DLBCL with characteristic genet...
Source: The Cancer Journal - May 1, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Molecular Diagnostics of Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma
Non-Hodgkin lymphoma encompasses a diverse group of B-cell and T-cell neoplasms. Current classification is based on clinical information, histologic assessment, immunophenotypic characteristics, and molecular alterations. A wide range of genetic alterations, including large chromosomal structural rearrangements, aneuploidies, point mutations, and copy number alterations, have been reported across all types of lymphomas. Many of these are now incorporated into the World Health Organization–defined criteria for the diagnostic evaluation of patients with lymphoid proliferations and, therefore, their accurate identification ...
Source: The Cancer Journal - May 1, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Lymphoma Classification
Twenty-five years after the Revised European American Classification of Lymphoid Neoplasms classification was published, its principle of an integrative approach to disease definition based on several parameters still prevails and has been adopted and expanded in the following World Health Organization classifications of tumors of the hematopoietic organs. The latest World Health Organization classification revised in 2017 comprises more than 80 entities of mature lymphoid neoplasms (B-cell, T-cell, and Hodgkin lymphomas), which are defined according to their morphology, immunophenotype, genetic lesions and molecular profi...
Source: The Cancer Journal - May 1, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Introduction by the Guest Editor
No abstract available (Source: The Cancer Journal)
Source: The Cancer Journal - May 1, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Oligometastatic Disease and Interventional Oncology: Rationale and Research Directions
We describe the rationale for their application to OMD and discuss future directions for research. (Source: The Cancer Journal)
Source: The Cancer Journal - March 1, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
Radiation in the Treatment of Oligometastatic and Oligoprogressive Disease: Rationale, Recent Data, and Research Questions
The use of local ablative therapy or metastasis-directed therapy is an emerging management paradigm in oligometastatic and oligoprogressive cancer. Recent randomized evidence has demonstrated that stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR) targeting all metastatic deposits is tolerable and can improve progression-free and overall survival. While SABR is noninvasive, minimally toxic, and generally safe, rare grade 5 events have been reported. Given this and recognizing the often-uncertain prognosis of patients with metastatic disease, equipoise persists regarding the therapeutic window within which to deploy SABR for this in...
Source: The Cancer Journal - March 1, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: Review Articles Source Type: research
