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Percutaneous Management of Benign Biliary Strictures
Semin intervent Radiol 2021; 38: 291-299 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731087Benign biliary strictures are often due to a variety of etiologies, most of which are iatrogenic. Clinical presentation can vary from asymptomatic disease with elevated liver enzymes to obstructive jaundice and recurrent cholangitis. Diagnostic imaging methods, such as ultrasound, multidetector computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging (cholangiopancreatography), are used to identify stricture location, extent, and possible source of biliary obstruction. The management of benign biliary strictures requires a multidisciplinary team approach and in...
Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology - August 10, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Fang, Adam Kim, Il Kyoon Ukeh, Ifechi Etezadi, Vahid Kim, Hyun S. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Advancements in Endoscopic Biliary Interventions by Gastroenterology
This article will discuss the various methods currently available for various endoscopic biliary interventions and future interventional techniques. For the management of biliary strictures, EUS can be utilized with fine need aspiration, while ERCP can be used for the placement of various stents and diagnostic modalities. Another example is radiofrequency ablation, which can be used for the treatment of hilar strictures. Achieving bile duct access can be challenging in patients with complicated clinical scenarios; other techniques that can be used for bile duct access include EUS-guided rendezvous approach, transluminal ap...
Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology - August 10, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Almuhaidb, Aymen Olson, Dylan Aadam, A. Aziz Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Biliary Strictures: A Surgeon's Perspective for Interventional Radiologists
Semin intervent Radiol 2021; 38: 273-279 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731267Biliary strictures can be a challenging clinical problem to manage and often have unclear etiologies, including benign and malignant causes. Left untreated, these problems can lead to significant morbidity and mortality linked to their underlying diagnosis. The approach to adult patients with biliary strictures requires a multidisciplinary team involving surgeons, interventional endoscopists, and interventional radiologists for diagnosis, symptom relief, palliation, as well as potential curative management. From a surgeon's perspective, there are many ways...
Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology - August 10, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Katariya, Nitin Mathur, Amit K. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Noninvasive Imaging Prior to Biliary Interventions
This article reviews the current noninvasive imaging methods for the evaluation of biliary system and further discusses their roles in the diagnostic workup of different biliary disease. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology - August 10, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Catania, Roberta Dasyam, Anil K. Miller, Frank H. Borhani, Amir A. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Biliary Strictures: Etiologies and Medical Management
Semin intervent Radiol 2021; 38: 255-262 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731086Biliary strictures have several etiologies that can broadly be classified into benign and malignant causes. The clinical presentation is variable with strictures identified incidentally on imaging or during the evaluation of routine laboratory abnormalities. Symptoms and cholangitis lead to imaging that can diagnose biliary strictures. The diagnosis and medical management of biliary strictures will be discussed in this article. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of...
Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology - August 10, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Rodrigues, Terrance Boike, Justin R. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Biliary Anatomy
Semin intervent Radiol 2021; 38: 251-254 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1731085The hepatobiliary system is known to have high anatomic variability, as studies have shown variant rates of over 40% among individuals. This review will describe biliary anatomy and the most common anatomic variants, knowledge of which is critical to ensuring safe and effective biliary interventions. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology - August 10, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Aguiar, Jonathan A. Riaz, Ahsun Thornburg, Bartley Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Over-the-Wire Inferior Vena Cava Filter Placement: How We Do It
Semin intervent Radiol 2021; 38: 243-250 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1727102 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology - June 3, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Li, Xin Montgomery, Jennifer Kirksey, Levester Gadani, Sameer D'Amico, Giuseppe Partovi, Sasan Tags: How I Do It Source Type: research

The Ethics of Trauma Care: What Interventional Radiologists Should Know
Semin intervent Radiol 2021; 38: 239-242 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729154 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology - June 3, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Hsieh, Lee J. Keller, Eric J. Shnayder-Adams, Michelle M. Salamo, Russell M. Vairavamurthy, Jenanan P. Tags: Ethics Corner Source Type: research

Clinical Presentation, Patient Assessment, Anatomy, Pathophysiology, and Imaging of Pelvic Venous Disease
Semin intervent Radiol 2021; 38: 233-238 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729745Pelvic venous disorders (PeVDs) can result in several different clinical presentations, but can be challenging to distinguish from other etiologies of chronic pelvic pain (CPP). Clinical evaluation of CPP patients optimally should be performed in a multidisciplinary fashion and patients who may have PeVD should be referred for consultation with a vascular interventionalist whose evaluation would utilize an imaging workup to search for pelvic varices. Additionally, it is critical to quantify the quality-of-life effects of all CPP to determine the impact on ...
Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology - June 3, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Maratto, Sean Khilnani, Neil M. Winokur, Ronald S. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Management of Patients when Superficial Venous Disease Arises from Pelvic Escape Points
This article introduces the reader to current terminology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, and treatment of patients with pelvic varices due to PVI. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology - June 3, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Ahuja, Rakesh S. Garg, Tushar Sudheendra, Deepak Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Management of Venous Malformations
This article will assist the interventional radiologist in patient assessment and will discuss current techniques for treatment, means to minimize adverse events, and expected outcomes. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text (Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology - June 3, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Acord, Michael Srinivasan, Abhay Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Choosing the Best Treatment Approach for Axial Vein Reflux: Thermal versus Nonthermal Approaches
Semin intervent Radiol 2021; 38: 209-214 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729155Chronic venous insufficiency is a common and treatable medical condition which has a high morbidity if left untreated, progressing to lower extremity edema, skin changes of lipodermatosclerosis, and venous ulceration. Treatment options have significantly expanded over the last several decades, shifting away from the traditional surgical approach to more minimally invasive procedures such as endoluminal venous laser ablation or radiofrequency ablation. Even more recently, several techniques using nonthermal methods to ablate varicose veins have been develop...
Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology - June 3, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Shmelev, Karen Gupta, Ramona Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Updates in Magnetic Resonance Venous Imaging
Semin intervent Radiol 2021; 38: 202-208 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1729152For years, magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) has been a leading imaging modality in the assessment of venous disease involving the pelvis and lower extremities. Current advancement in noncontrast MRA techniques enables imaging of a larger subset of patients previously excluded due to allergy or renal insufficiency, allowing for preintervention assessment and planning. In this article, the current status of MR venography, with a focus on current advancements, will be presented. Protocols and parameters for MR venographic imaging of the pelvis and lower e...
Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology - June 3, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Lombardi, Pamela Carr, James C. Allen, Bradley D. Edelman, Robert R. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Wound Care for Venous Ulceration
Semin intervent Radiol 2021; 38: 194-201 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1727161Venous leg ulcers (VLUs) affect as many as 20% of patients with advanced chronic venous insufficiency and are associated with significant morbidity and health care costs. VLUs are the most common cause of leg ulcers; however, other etiologies of lower extremity ulcerations should be investigated, most notably arterial insufficiency, to ensure appropriate therapy. Careful clinical examination, standardized documentation, and ultrasound evaluation are needed for diagnosis and treatment success. Reduction of edema and venous hypertension through compression t...
Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology - June 3, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Schroeppel DeBacker, Sarah E. Bulman, Julie C. Weinstein, Jeffrey L. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Evaluation and Management of Patients with Leg Swelling: Therapeutic Options for Venous Disease and Lymphedema
Semin intervent Radiol 2021; 38: 189-193 DOI: 10.1055/s-0041-1727162Lower extremity swelling is a common condition which has a variety of etiologies and can be challenging to diagnose and manage. Swelling is usually the result of the accumulation of interstitial fluid in the subcutaneous tissues. Common etiologies include systemic, superficial, and deep venous, and lymphatic disorders. Leg swelling can occur bilaterally or unilaterally, with venous disorders being one of the most common causes of unilateral lower extremity edema. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAA...
Source: Seminars in Interventional Radiology - June 3, 2021 Category: Radiology Authors: Scherer, Kimberly Khilnani, Neil Tags: Review Article Source Type: research