Using the Inventory of Problems-29 (IOP-29) with the Inventory of Problems Memory (IOP-M) in Malingering-Related Assessments: a Study with a Slovenian Sample of Experimental Feigners
AbstractA recently published article harshly criticized forensic practitioners operating in Slovenia for not including in their assessments any tests specifically designed to assess negative distortion (Areh,2020). To promote better forensic assessment practice and stimulate future research on symptom and performance validity assessment in Slovenia, the current study translated the Inventory of Problems-29 (IOP-29; Viglione& Giromini,2020) and its recently developed memory module (IOP-M; Giromini et al.,2020) into Slovene language and tested their validity and effectiveness by conducting a simulation/analogue study. Am...
Source: Psychological Injury and Law - May 14, 2021 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research
Concordance Between Standard and Abbreviated Administrations of the Test of Memory Malingering: Implications for Streamlining Performance Validity Assessment
AbstractThis cross-sectional study examined abbreviated Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) indices, including Trial 1 (T1) and errors on the first ten items of T1 (TOMMe10), and their respective concordance to assess whether the administration of Trial 2 (T2) provides incremental value. Pass/fail concordance between TOMMe10, T1, and T2 was examined among a diverse mixed clinical sample of 414 neuropsychiatric patients. Of those who failed TOMMe10 or T1, 74% and 77%, respectively, went on to fail T2. For those failing TOMMe10 and T1, 82% failed T2. For those failing T1, 0% passed T2 if T1 was below 30, 13% passed T2 if T1 wa...
Source: Psychological Injury and Law - May 10, 2021 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research
Self-Rated Executive Functions in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury
AbstractPrior research has found that individuals with a pre-injury psychiatric history report greater difficulty with executive functioning after mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). The present study examined self-rated executive functioning after the acute phase of recovery in individuals with mTBI having no prior psychiatric history. Participants included 59 individuals with mTBI and 27 healthy comparison subjects (HC). They completed the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Version (BRIEF-A) and Beck Depression Inventory-II. Participants had no prior history of psychiatric diagnosis based on semi-struc...
Source: Psychological Injury and Law - May 8, 2021 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research
Cross-validation of the Utility of Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) Cut-offs in a Large Colombian Sample
This study sought to cross-validate the utility of Test of Memory Malingering (TOMM) cut-offs derived in a large Colombian sample with further exploration of the impact of age, education, and Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE) scores on TOMM trials. To address these aims, the study examines concordance rates of the TOMM scores by demographics and Hopkins Verbal Learning Test-Revised (HVLT-R) test performance. Additionally, item response theory analysis (IRT) focused on the interaction between demographic variables and the psychometric properties of the TOMM items. Data were collected from 1416 healthy controls (58.6% fe...
Source: Psychological Injury and Law - April 27, 2021 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research
Correction to: Types of Malingering in PTSD: Evidence from a Psychological Injury Paradigm
A correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12207-021-09410-4 (Source: Psychological Injury and Law)
Source: Psychological Injury and Law - April 27, 2021 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research
How Plausible Is the Implausible? Students ’ Plausibility and Prevalence Ratings of the Self-Report Symptom Inventory
AbstractSome self-report symptom validity tests, such as the Self-Report Symptom Inventory (SRSI), rely on a detection strategy that uses bizarre, extreme, or very rare symptoms. Thus, items are constructed toinvite respondents with an invalid response style to affirm pseudosymptoms that are usually not experienced by genuine patients. However, these pseudosymptoms should not be easily recognizable, because otherwise sophisticated over-reporters could strategically avoid them and go undetected. Therefore, we tested how well future psychology professionals were able to differentiate between genuine complaints and pseudosymp...
Source: Psychological Injury and Law - April 23, 2021 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research
Comparability and Validity of the Online and In-Person Administrations of the Inventory of Problems-29
AbstractWhile the psychometric equivalence of computerized versus paper-and-pencil administration formats has been documented for some tests, so far very few studies have focused on the comparability and validity of test scores obtained via in-person versus remote administrations, and none of them have researched a symptom validity test (SVT). To contribute to fill this gap in the literature, we investigated the scores of the Inventory of Problems-29 (IOP-29) generated by various administration formats. More specifically, Study 1 evaluated the equivalence of scores from nonclinical individuals administered the IOP-29 remot...
Source: Psychological Injury and Law - April 5, 2021 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research
Symptom Versus Performance Validity in Patients with Mild TBI: Independent Sources of Non-credible Responding
This study was designed to examine the relative contribution of symptom (SVT) and performance validity tests (PVTs) to the evaluation of the credibility of neuropsychological profiles in mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). An archival sample of 326 patients withmTBI was divided into four psychometrically defined criterion groups: pass both SVT and PVT; pass one, but fail the other; and fail both. Scores on performance-based tests of neurocognitive ability and self-reported symptom inventories were compared across the groups. As expected, PVT failure was associated with lower scores on ability tests ( ηp2 .042 –.184;d 0....
Source: Psychological Injury and Law - March 30, 2021 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research
Introducing Alternative Validity Cutoffs to Improve the Detection of Non-credible Symptom Report on the BRIEF
This study was designed to investigate the potential of extreme scores on the Behavioral Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Adult Self-Report Version (BRIEF-A-SR) to serve as validity indicators. The BRIEF-A-SR was administered to 73 university students and 50 clinically referred adults. In the student sample, symptom validity was operationalized as the outcome on the Inventory of Problems (IOP-29). In the patient sample, performance validity was operationalized as the outcome on a combination of free-standing and embedded indicators. The BRIEF-A-SR had better classification accuracy in the student sample (.13 –.56 s...
Source: Psychological Injury and Law - March 30, 2021 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research
Testing in Psychological Injury and Law
(Source: Psychological Injury and Law)
Source: Psychological Injury and Law - March 19, 2021 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research
Remote Forensic Psychological Assessment in Civil Cases: Considerations for Experts Assessing Harms from Early Life Abuse
AbstractThe COVID-19 pandemic has brought to the fore the question of whether psycho-legal assessments can be executed remotely in a manner that adheres to the rigorous standards applied during in-person assessments. General guidelines have evolved, but to date, there are no explicit directives about whether and how to proceed. This paper reviews professional, ethical, and legal challenges that experts should consider before conducting such an evaluation remotely. Although the discussion is more widely applicable, remote forensic psychological assessment of adults alleging childhood abuse is used as an example throughout, ...
Source: Psychological Injury and Law - March 13, 2021 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research
Making the Case for Victims ’ Privacy in Civil Sexual Abuse Lawsuits
AbstractRequirements that an adult plaintiff in a personal injury lawsuit involving childhood sexual abuse cannot proceed without revealing their legal names or identities could constitute a form of revictimization for that person. When courts deny the right for an individual to file claims in cases like this, using a pseudonym, or to keep private their abuse history from collaterals who have no information relevant to their claims, the harms already suffered by a victim/survivor could be magnified. Many of the same traumagenic dynamics that had operated years earlier related to the abuse could play out as the plaintiff ex...
Source: Psychological Injury and Law - March 9, 2021 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research
Discriminating Feigned from Credible PTSD Symptoms: a Validation of a Brazilian Version of the Inventory of Problems-29 (IOP-29)
AbstractThe Inventory of Problems-29 (IOP-29) is a recently introduced free-standing symptom validity test (SVT) with a rapidly growing evidence base. Its classification accuracy compares favorably with that of the widely utilized Structured Inventory of Malingered Symptomology (SIMS), and it provides incremental validity when used in combination with other symptom and performance validity tests. This project was designed to cross-validate the IOP-29 in a Brazilian context. Study1 focused on specificity and administered the IOP-29 and a PTSD screening checklist to 154 Brazilian firefighters who had been exposed to one or m...
Source: Psychological Injury and Law - March 1, 2021 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research
Forensic Assessment of PTSD Via DSM-5 Versus ICD-11 Criteria: Implications for Current Practice and Future Research
AbstractRecognition of the high prevalence of trauma exposure and posttraumatic stress symptoms among adult and youth offenders has inspired calls for justice systems to engage in trauma-informed practices, particularly with regard to the assessment of trauma histories and posttraumatic reactions in legal contexts. Accordingly, skills in trauma assessment have become essential professional competencies for those conducting psychological evaluations in the justice system. However, there are a number of challenges to effective practice, including the existence of two distinctly different sets of diagnostic criteria for postt...
Source: Psychological Injury and Law - December 4, 2020 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research
Introducing Psychological Injury and Law
AbstractPsychology injury and law is a specialized forensic psychology field that concerns reaching legal thresholds for actionable negligent or related injuries having a psychological component, such as for posttraumatic stress disorder, chronic pain, and mild traumatic brain injury. The presenting psychological injuries have to be related causally to the event at issue, and if pre-existing injuries, vulnerabilities, or psychopathologies are involved at baseline, they have to be exacerbated by the event at issue, or added to in unique ways such that the psychological effects of the event at issue go beyond thede minimis r...
Source: Psychological Injury and Law - December 4, 2020 Category: Medical Law Source Type: research
