Egocentric Distance Perception Disorder in Amblyopia
Egocentric distance perception is a psychological process in which observers use various depth cues to estimate the distance between a target and themselves. The impairment of basic visual function and treatment of amblyopia have been well documented. However, the disorder of egocentric distance perception of amblyopes is poorly understood. In this review, we describe the cognitive mechanism of egocentric distance perception, and then, we focus on empirical evidence for disorders in egocentric distance perception for amblyopes in the whole visual space. In the personal space (within 2 m), it is difficult for amblyopes to s...
Source: Psychologica Belgica - June 21, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The Use of the Term Virtual Reality in Post-Stroke Rehabilitation: A Scoping Review and Commentary
In this study, we aimed to optimize the terminology for VR-based post-stroke rehabilitation by asses sing whether and how review papers on this topic defined VR and what types of mixed reality systems were discussed. In addition, this review can inspire the use of consistent terminology for other researchers working with VR. We assessed the use of the term VR in review papers on post-stroke rehabil itation extracted from Scopus, Web of Science and PubMed. We also developed a taxonomy distinguishing 16 mixed reality systems based on three factors: immersive versus semi-immersive displays, the way in which real and virtual i...
Source: Psychologica Belgica - June 3, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Reversible Verbal Memory Integration Deficits in Obstructive Sleep Apnoea
When presented with novel but semantically related elements after learning verbal material, healthy participants tend to endorse these items as previously learned. This reflects the normal integration and association of novel verbal information into longterm memory. How obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) negatively impacts verbal memory performance, and whether deficits are reversible following positive airway pressure (PAP) treatment, remain elusive. We investigated immediate and delayed OSA- and PAP treatment-related effects on verbal memory integration, using a false memory paradigm. Twenty-three patients with OSA learned l...
Source: Psychologica Belgica - March 25, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
My Physical Appearance at the Center of Others ’ Concerns: What are the Consequences for Women’s Metadehumanization and Emotions?
Despite the frequency of women ’s exposure to sexually objectifying behaviors in their daily life (e.g., through comments on their appearance, gazing or touching), no previous work has investigated how such a focus on their physical appearance influences women’s meta-perceptions. Capitalizing on recent studies showing that se xually objectified women are dehumanized by both male and female participants, the present paper investigates women’s metadehumanization (i.e., their perceptions of being viewed as less than fully human) and its emotional consequences following interpersonal sexual objectification. In three stud...
Source: Psychologica Belgica - March 24, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Optimism and Mental Health in Adolescence: a Prospective Validation Study of the Dutch Life- Orientation Test-Revised (LOT-R-A) for Adolescents
The study aimed to examine the psychometric properties of the Dutch Life Orientation Test-Revised for Adolescents (LOT-R-A), a self-report questionnaire assessing dispositional optimism, and to evaluate the two-factor structure (optimism, pessimism). The LOT-R-A and the questionnaires measuring well-being (MHC-SF-A) and psychological problems (SDQ) were completed by 459 Dutch adolescents (178 boys and 281 girls) between the ages of 11 and 18 years at baseline and 281 adolescents at a four-week follow-up. The results confirmed the two-factor structure (optimism, pessimism) of the LOT-R-A. The findings provided evidence of i...
Source: Psychologica Belgica - March 18, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Psychometric Properties of Two Implicit Associations Tests measuring Adult Attachment
Adult attachment style has consequences for mental health, interpersonal functioning and emotion regulation. This occurs partly deliberately, also referred to as explicit, and partly on an automatic level outside of conscious awareness, also referred to as implicit. Whereas explicit adult attachment can be assessed with self-report instruments, measurement of implicit adult attachment requires indirect methods. This paper describes the psychometric properties of two Implicit Association Tests measuring general adult attachment in a population sample. The study evaluated the reliability and the validity of the Avoidant Atta...
Source: Psychologica Belgica - March 17, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Expectations in Romantic Relations and Psychological Well-Being of Adolescents in Pakistan: Moderating Role of Parental Support
The objective of the current study was to investigate the role of perceived parental support as a moderator in the association between adolescents ’ expectations in romantic relations and their psychological well-being. The sample consisted of 647 adolescents (boys = 285, girls = 362). Their age ranged from 16 to 18 years (M = 17.19 years,SD = .77) and they were regular students in different colleges of Islamabad and Rawalpindi. They completed the Perceived Parental Support Scale, the Well-being Questionnaire-W-BQ12 and the Romantic Relations Scale for Adolescents. The results showed that there were significant gender di...
Source: Psychologica Belgica - March 11, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Sociodemographic, Cognitive, and Emotional Determinants of Two Health Behaviors during SARS-CoV-2 Outbreak: An Online Study among French- Speaking Belgian Responders during the Spring Lockdown
To contain the SARS-CoV-2 infection rate, health authorities have encouraged the population to enhance protective behaviors such as physical distancing and handwashing. Behavioral sciences emphasize the role of sociocognitive determinants to explain health behaviors, while largely ignoring emotional factors. In a large online study (N> 4000), we investigated the role of sociodemographic, cognitive, emotional, and social factors that can facilitate or hinder handwashing and limitation of social contacts. Data were collected from March 18 until April 19, 2020, which corresponds to the spring lockdown and the first peak of...
Source: Psychologica Belgica - February 23, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Does Self-Objectification Entail an Opposition Between Appearance and Competence? The Likert Version of the Self-Objectification Questionnaire (LSOQ)
We propose a new method to test the reliability of Fredrickson et al. ’s self-objectification questionnaire (SOQ). This scale being based on a ranking, traditional reliability estimates are inappropriate. Based on generalizability theory, we suggest to compute the reliability of each subset of questions related to physical appearance vs. physical competence sepa rately in order to average them. We applied this method to a sample of female US undergraduates (n = 395) and evidenced that the reliability of the scale is very low (corrected Cronbach’s alpha = .31). We also noted that a large proportion of the sample...
Source: Psychologica Belgica - February 8, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The Role of Subjective Experiences in Conflict Tasks: A Review
Cognitive control research is concerned with the question how we install adaptive behaviour in the case of (cognitive) conflict. In this review we focus on the role that awareness of this conflict plays in our ability to exert cognitive control. We will argue that visual conflict is not the only building block of metacognitive experiences of conflict and discuss how they are related to cognitive control. So, a first aim of the current review is to understand how these different metacognitive judgements are created. To do so, we draw some remarkable parallels with research on metacognition in decision making and memory...
Source: Psychologica Belgica - February 8, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Psychometric Properties and Factor Structure of the French Version of the Behavioral Activation for Depression Scale (BADS) in Non-Clinical Adults
This study aims to validate the French version of this scale. In a first study, 131 bilingual adults were recruited to explored internal consistency, test-retest reliability and construct validity of the final French version. In a second study, 409 non-clinical adults completed an online survey assessing concurrent measures. Results of the first study suggested good internal consistency, test-retest reliability and construct validity. The second study revealed a confirmatory factor analysis supporting the original four-factor structure, with Activation, Avoidance/Rumination, Work/School Impairment, and Social Impairment su...
Source: Psychologica Belgica - February 1, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Thanks to Reviewers 2020
Published on 2021-01-29 10:23:44 (Source: Psychologica Belgica)
Source: Psychologica Belgica - January 29, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
The Dutch Auditory & Image Vocabulary Test (DAIVT): A New Dutch Receptive Vocabulary Test for Students
We introduce a new Dutch receptive vocabulary test, the Dutch auditory& image vocabulary test (DAIVT). The test is multiple choice and assesses vocabulary knowledge for spoken words. The measure has an online (available athttps://tpsurvey.ugent.be/limesurvey315/index.php/923234?lang=nl) format, has free access, and allows easy data collection. The test was developed with the intent to enable testing for research purposes with university students. This paper describes the test construction. We cover three phases: 1) collecting stimulus materials and developing the test’s first version, 2) an exploratory item-a...
Source: Psychologica Belgica - January 20, 2021 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
Non-Suicidal Self-Injury and Pathological Buying in Community Adults and Patients with Eating Disorders: Associations with Reactive and Regulative Temperament
The present study investigated the (co-)occurrence of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and pathological buying (PB) and their associations with reactive/regulative temperament in a sample of female patients with eating disorders (ED) and in a sample of community adults. Our samples consisted of 254 community adults (48.8% female) and 60 female patients with ED. All participants filled out self-report questionnaires to assess NSSI, PB, and reactive/regulative temperament. Prevalence rates of NSSI and PB were respectively 14.5% and 4.8% for community women, 13.1% and 1.5% for community men, and 36.7% and 10% for female patien...
Source: Psychologica Belgica - December 28, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
A Stakeholder Perspective on Ethical Leadership in Sport: Bridging the Gap Between the Normative and Descriptive Lines of Inquiry
This critical PhD review paper examines existing scholarship on ethical leadership in sport. Following a general trend in business ethics and related fields, ethical leadership has gained considerable research attention in sport over the last decades. Within this growing body of literature, ethical leadership is often presented as part of the desired strategic response of sport organizations to tackle the so-called dark side of sport (i.e., formed by such ethical issues as abuse, violence, management fraud, match-fixing, and doping). However, this critical PhD review paper argues that the current body of literature on ethi...
Source: Psychologica Belgica - December 14, 2020 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research
