Natural hazard information and migration across cities: evidence from the anticipated Nankai Trough earthquake
AbstractThis paper examines the effects of the 2012 revisions to the damage predictions of an anticipated Nankai Trough megathrust earthquake on subsequent inter-municipality migration in Japan ’s coastal areas. We find that an increase in predicted tsunami height—rather than anticipated seismic movements—after the 2012 revision is associated with a subsequent reduction in net migration. While the reducing effect of tsunami predictions on in-migration persisted throughout the study p eriod, the effect on out-migration was only temporary. Moreover, working-age people are more likely to respond to tsunami risk and avoi...
Source: Population and Environment - May 3, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Investigating the linkages between pregnancy outcomes and climate in sub-Saharan Africa
AbstractPoor pregnancy outcomes include miscarriages, stillbirths, and low birth weights. Stress from heat and lack of resources play a potentially important role in producing these poor outcomes. Women and couples who experience these poor outcomes rather than a healthy birth suffer psychological, physical, social, and financial costs as well. We use detailed reproductive data in combination with fine-scale climate data to examine pregnancy outcomes among women in sub-Saharan Africa, a region that shelters some of the poorest families in the world. Fine-scale precipitation and temperature data allow each pregnancy to be m...
Source: Population and Environment - April 22, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Excess deaths and Hurricane Mar ía
AbstractWe clarify the distinction between direct and indirect effects of disasters such as Hurricane Mar ía and use data from the Puerto Rico Vital Statistics System to estimate monthly excess deaths in the immediate aftermath of the hurricane which struck the island in September of 2017. We use a Bayesian linear regression model fitted to monthly data for 2010–2016 to predict monthly death tallies for all months in 2017, finding large deviations of actual numbers above predicted ones in September and October of 2017 but much weaker evidence of excess mortality in November and December of 2017. These deviations transla...
Source: Population and Environment - March 29, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Investigating the impact of Hurricane Maria on an ongoing birth cohort in Puerto Rico
AbstractPrior to Hurricane Maria, Puerto Rico already had 200+ hazardous waste sites, significant contamination of water resources, and among the highest rates of preterm birth in the USA. To address these issues, the Puerto Rico Testsite for Exploring Contamination Threats (PROTECT) Center was formed in 2010 to investigate prenatal environmental exposures, particularly phthalates, and adverse birth outcomes. Recent work from the PROTECT study confirms that in utero exposure to certain phthalates is associated with shorter gestation and increased risk of preterm birth. However, previous research also suggests that pregnant...
Source: Population and Environment - March 16, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Economic outlook and the gender gap in attitudes about climate change
AbstractPolling consistently shows that the USA is significantly polarized on the issue of climate change. Economic outlook and gender are frequently identified as two sources of this variation, as Americans often view the climate change issue as a tradeoff between economic and environmental risk, and women tend to express more concern than men about this issue. Much of the existing literature links the two by focusing on the role of economic outlook and worldview differences between genders to explain this gender gap. In short, economic concern overrides environmental concern, and males are more sensitive to economic conc...
Source: Population and Environment - March 9, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
The impact of short-term exposure to ambient air pollution on test scores in Iran
AbstractAir pollution in urban centers has become a key public concern around the world. Apart from its adverse health effects, air pollution could impact less visible outcomes like cognitive performance. Standardized tests are a fixture of all education settings that are susceptible to pollution shocks because they require high cognitive function. Given that test scores are widely used as signals by parents, employers, and education institutions, pollution shocks could render tests unfair and unreliable. In this paper, we combine pollution data with test scores from a large testing institution in Iran between 2012 and 201...
Source: Population and Environment - February 26, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Correction to: How socioeconomic and environmental factors impact the migration destination choices of different population groups in China: an eigenfunction-based spatial filtering analysis
The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The names of Yaojun Zhang and Xiwei Wu were inadvertently interchanged. (Source: Population and Environment)
Source: Population and Environment - February 25, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
How socioeconomic and environmental factors impact the migration destination choices of different population groups in China: an eigenfunction-based spatial filtering analysis
AbstractUnderstanding how different factors impact migration destination choices is one of the main research themes in demographic studies. The current study uses relative intrinsic attractivity (RIA) as a measure for a place ’s attractivity and attempts to apply an eigenfunction-based spatial filtering (ESF) approach to investigate the relationships between a place’s attractivity and 12 socioeconomic and natural condition factors in China at the prefecture level. Results suggest that the ESF approach may provide a p otentially more robust way to account for how various factors impact different groups of people’s mig...
Source: Population and Environment - February 14, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Using geotagged tweets to track population movements to and from Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria
AbstractAfter a disaster, there is an urgent need for information on population mobility. Our analysis examines the suitability of Twitter data for measuring post-disaster population mobility using the case of Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico. Among Twitter users living in Puerto Rico, we show how many were displaced, the timing and destination of their displacement, and whether they returned. Among Twitter users arriving in Puerto Rico after the disaster, we show the timing and destination of their trips. We find that 8.3% of resident sample relocated during the months after Hurricane Maria and nearly 4% of were still displ...
Source: Population and Environment - February 2, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Out-migration from and return migration to Puerto Rico after Hurricane Maria: evidence from the consumer credit panel
AbstractIn this research brief, we contribute to a much-needed, initial, and growing inventory of data on Puerto Rican migration after Hurricane Maria. Using data from the Federal Reserve Bank of New York/Equifax Consumer Credit Panel, we provide a detailed account of out-migration from and return migration to Puerto Rico in the quarters and years after Hurricane Maria. We show that out-migration from Puerto Rico was and remains elevated after Hurricane Maria, particularly for more vulnerable places with respect to water area and especially substandard housing. We also show that return migration to Puerto Rico by the secon...
Source: Population and Environment - January 19, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Pro-environmental behaviours and attitudes are associated with health, wellbeing and life satisfaction in multiple occupancy households in the UK Household Longitudinal Study
AbstractPro-environmental behaviours (PEBs) and attitudes (PEAs) may influence different domains of health and wellbeing through several mechanisms. The household plays an important role in this relationship; however, there is no previous research on household level PEBs or the PEAs of other household members in relation to health and wellbeing. We used data from 22,427 people in 9344 multiple occupancy households in the UK Household Longitudinal Study. Explanatory variables were household level PEBs, individual PEAs and PEAs of other household members. We used five common physical and mental health and wellbeing outcome m...
Source: Population and Environment - January 15, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Correction to: Investigating demographic processesusing innovative combinations of remotelysensed and demographic data
The original version of this article unfortunately contained a mistake. The name “Kluger” in the second paragraph should be changed to “Kugler”. (Source: Population and Environment)
Source: Population and Environment - January 9, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Place attachment in disaster studies: measurement and the case of the 2013 Moore tornado
AbstractPlace attachment has gained considerable attention in disaster studies, though there is little consensus on how to conceptualize or measure this construct in post-disaster environments. Many of the place attachment scales used in disaster studies come from studies of recreational or high-amenity areas, and we do not know whether or to what extent these measures translate to disaster contexts. This paper addresses gaps in our understanding of place attachment in disaster contexts by reviewing the measurement of place attachment in the literature and by presenting findings from an empirical study of place attachment ...
Source: Population and Environment - December 17, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Spatial and temporal dimensions of weather shocks and migration in Nepal
This study, in rural Nepal, examines four types of weather shocks, over various time frames, on four types of migration. Results suggest that the most substantial influence of weather shocks is not in a wholesale increase or decrease in migration. Instead, weather shocks are related to changes in thetype of migration used, resulting in less long-term and more short-term migrations in the population. We use the ready-willing-and-able perspective to make sense of these patterns. (Source: Population and Environment)
Source: Population and Environment - December 12, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Missing millions: undercounting urbanization in India
AbstractThe measurement and characterization of urbanization crucially depends upon defining what counts as urban. The government of India estimates that only 31% of the population is urban. We show that this is an artifact of the definition of urbanity and an underestimate of the level of urbanization in India. We use a random forest-based model to create a high-resolution (~ 100 m) population grid from district-level data available from the Indian Census for 2001 and 2011, a novel application of such methods to create temporally consistent population grids. We then apply a community-detection clustering algorithm to ...
Source: Population and Environment - December 4, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
