Correction to: Coping with climatic shocks: local perspectives from Haiti ’s rural mountain regions
The article Coping with climatic shocks: local perspectives from Haiti ’s rural mountain regions, written by Caroline Staub, Anne Gilot, Molene Pierre, Gerald Murray, Rosalie Koenig was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal on 12 June 2020 without open access. (Source: Population and Environment)
Source: Population and Environment - September 22, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
The effect of environmental change on out-migration in the Brazilian Amazon rainforest
AbstractWe study how environmental change affects out-migration in the Brazilian Amazon using census data on municipal-level migration flows between 2005 and 2010. We characterize environmental change in terms of increases in municipal deforested area and gradual changes in temperature and precipitation as well as extreme weather events. Our empirical analysis is based on gravity models of migration, which consider simultaneously characteristics of origins and destinations as determinants of migration flows, treating for potential sources of endogeneity. We find evidence that out-migration from the Amazon region of Brazil ...
Source: Population and Environment - August 31, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
A pixel level evaluation of five multitemporal global gridded population datasets: a case study in Sweden, 1990 –2015
This study evaluates five of the most commonly used global gridded population datasets against a high-resolution Swedish population dataset on a pixel level. We show that datasets which employ more complex modeling techniques exhibit lower errors overall but no one dataset performs best under all situations. Furthermore, differences exist in how unpopulated areas are identified and changes in algorithms over time affect accuracy. Our results provide guidance in navigating the differences between the most commonly used gridded population datasets and will help researchers and policy makers identify the most suitable dataset...
Source: Population and Environment - August 31, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Effects of changes in rainfall and temperature on age- and sex-specific patterns of rural-urban migration in sub-Saharan Africa
AbstractWe evaluate how changes in weather patterns affected rural-urban migration across 41 sub-Saharan African countries, by age and sex, over the 1980 –2015 period. We combine recent age- and sex-specific estimates of net rural-urban migration with historical data on rainfall and temperature from the Climate Research Unit (CRU). We also compare standard unweighted estimates of rainfall and temperature to estimates weighted by the proportion of t he country’s total rural population in the CRU grid. Results show that rural out-migration of young adults is the most sensitive to shifts in weather patterns, with lower ra...
Source: Population and Environment - August 26, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Pre-hurricane linkages between poverty, families, and migration among Puerto Rican-origin children living in Puerto Rico and the United States
This study fills this gap in the literature by providing recent pre-hurricane socioeconomic outcomes of Puerto Rican-origin children in Puerto Rico and the United States. It applies an origin-destination framework by relying on American Community Survey and Puerto Rico Community Survey data from 2012 to 2016. The analyses consider the linkages among family migration experiences, children ’s living arrangements, and household poverty levels. The findings are evaluated regarding prior research. (Source: Population and Environment)
Source: Population and Environment - August 6, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
The differential influence of geographic isolation on environmental migration: a study of internal migration amidst degrading conditions in the central Pacific
This study investigates how geographic isolation interacts with declining environmental and economic conditions in Kiribati, an island nation wherein which limited access to financial resources amidst degrading environmental conditions potentially constrain capital-intensive, long-distance migration. We examine whether geographic isolation modifies the tenets of two dominant environmental migration theses. The environmental scarcity thesis suggests that environmental degradation prompts migration by urging households to reallocate labor to new environments. In contrast, the environmental capital thesis asserts that declini...
Source: Population and Environment - August 4, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Puerto Rico ’s population before and after Hurricane Maria
(Source: Population and Environment)
Source: Population and Environment - July 28, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Puerto Rico exodus: long-term economic headwinds prove stronger than Hurricane Maria
AbstractIn September 2017, Hurricane Maria made landfall on Puerto Rico causing 102 billion worth of damages, demolishing the electric grid and severely affecting essential daily services. Disaster recovery continues as of the onset of the second half of 2020. Our research investigates whether the postdisaster population mobility was greater than the long-term out-migration that has followed the economic recession. This paper makes use of longitudinal demographic and economic data spanning Hurricane Maria to give a long-term view of population change in Puerto Rico. First, we examine population and employment trends in rel...
Source: Population and Environment - July 27, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Deepwater Horizon oil spill exposure and child health: a longitudinal analysis
This study uses data from the Resilient Children, Youth, and Communities study —a longitudinal cohort survey of households with children in DHOS-affected areas of South Louisiana—to consider the effect of DHOS exposure on health trajectories of children, an especially vulnerable population subgroup. Results from latent linear growth curve models show that family DHOS expos ure via physical contact and job/income loss both negatively influenced initial child health. However, the effects of physical exposure dissipated over time while the effects of job/income loss persisted. This pattern holds for both general child hea...
Source: Population and Environment - July 26, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
A review of current population databases on Puerto Rico
AbstractPopulation studies of Puerto Rico have recently gained salience as recent environmental and economic shocks have affected demographic behavior. In this review, we describe the major population databases on Puerto Rico and discuss the strengths and weaknesses of each. These databases include three from the US Census Bureau —the Decennial Population Census, the Puerto Rico Community Survey, and the Population Estimates Program—and three additional databases used to study migration (the Bureau of Transportation Statistics), health (the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System), and labor (the Puerto Rico Labor S...
Source: Population and Environment - July 15, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Coping with climatic shocks: local perspectives from Haiti ’s rural mountain regions
AbstractHaiti ’s agrarian society is highly sensitive to changes in weather and climate conditions. Little is known about Haitian farmers’ perceptions of climate-related risks and their ability to cope with hazards, which may reduce the relevance and likelihood of success of proposed adaptation solutions. We discuss the findings from the focus groups held with 104 small-holder farmers from mountain areas. Farmers in the study area regard the impacts of climate hazards on their livelihood as significant but largely prioritize short-term solutions over long-term protective measures, which potentially incr ease their vuln...
Source: Population and Environment - June 11, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Coastal settlement patterns and exposure to sea-level rise in the Jaffna Peninsula, Sri Lanka
This study highlights the coastal communities with a high level of exposure to coastal inundation where adaptation planning is essential. These results provide ins ights for coastal managers and policy makers for future planning of new settlements and urban expansion. (Source: Population and Environment)
Source: Population and Environment - May 31, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Climate anomalies, land degradation, and rural out-migration in Uganda
AbstractGlobally, rural livelihoods are increasingly challenged by the dual threats of land degradation and climate change. These issues are of particular concern in sub-Saharan Africa, where land degradation is believed to be severe and where climate change will bring higher temperatures and shifts in rainfall. To date, however, we know little about the relative effects of these various potential environmental stressors on migration. To examine these processes, we link longitudinal data from 850 Ugandan households with environmental data on soils, forests, and climate, and then analyze these data using approaches that acc...
Source: Population and Environment - May 29, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Contextual data in IPUMS DHS: physical and social environment variables linked to the Demographic and Health Surveys
AbstractThe Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) are the most important source of comparative information on the health of women and young children in low- and middle-income countries and are well-suited for studies of the relationship between environmental factors and health. However, barriers have limited the use of the DHS for these purposes. IPUMS DHS, an online data dissemination tool, overcomes these barriers, simplifying comparative analyses with DHS. IPUMS DHS recently incorporated environmental variables that can easily be attached to individual or household records, facilitating the use of DHS data for the study ...
Source: Population and Environment - May 26, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Using the theory of planned behavior to identify key beliefs underlying heat adaptation behaviors in elderly populations
AbstractAs the literature on heat tolerance suggests that the elderly are generally more heat-intolerant and suffer more from the substantial impacts of excessive heat on human health, exacerbated by their higher rate of chronic diseases, it is important to learn how to better protect this vulnerable population. Moreover, many studies have shown that, despite their vulnerability, the elderly do not necessarily perceive themselves as being at risk or see heat waves as a danger to their health. This lower risk perception could hinder their adoption of adaptive behavior. Thus, using the theory of planned behavior and the heal...
Source: Population and Environment - May 19, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
