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Using natural language processing to measure cognitive load during use-of-force decision-making training
This study aims to discuss the aforementioned issue.Officers’ verbal behavioral data from two UoF de-escalation projects were used to calculate cognitive load and assess how it varied with officer experience level (less-experienced, experienced). The verbal data were further analyzed to examine specific thinking patterns that contributed to heightened cognitive load across officer experience levels.Across both studies, responses from less-experienced officers contained greater usage of cognitive language than responses from experienced officers. Specific cognitive processes that contribute to cognitive load in specific s...
Source: Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management - December 23, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Vivian Ta-Johnson Joel Suss Brian Lande Source Type: research

Culture and well-being among  sworn officers: an empirical examination
This study aims to bridge the police culture and the police employee well-being literature by demonstrating significant linkages between the two.The authors examined the effects of culture on the well-being of officers in one police agency in the western United States during the summer of 2020. Using individual-level data, the authors model the association between officer perceptions of occupational culture and personal well-being for 125 sworn employees.The results indicate that, for individual sworn officers, their adherence to elements of culture is related to well-being; specifically, burnout (BO) exhaustion, BO diseng...
Source: Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management - November 17, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Silas Patterson William R. King Source Type: research

“I am doing my part, you are doing your part”: the sworn-civilian divide in police dispatching
Carlena Orosco, Janne E. Gaub Policing: An International Journal, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.- While police culture typically refers to the culture among sworn police personnel, there are internal cultural differences between subgroups. This has been documented among sworn personnel, such as the difference between street cops and management cops (Reuss-Ianni, 1983). The divide between professional and sworn staff in a law enforcement context has also been discussed at length (Maguire, 1997; Reiss, 1992), specifically the “us versus them” mentality that stems from feelings of isolation among profession...
Source: Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management - November 16, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Carlena Orosco Janne E. Gaub Source Type: research

Adherence to the police code of silence: examining changes in recruits' perceptions during the training academy
This study contributes to the policing literature by exploring changes in recruits' code adherence attitudes over time. (Source: Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management)
Source: Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management - November 15, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Christopher M. Donner Jon Mask ály Source Type: research

Predicting the police code of silence in China: does rural or urban setting matter?
This study aims to examine disparities in the code of silence between rural and urban police officers in China.Data were collected from a national police university in China in 2017. In total, 608 Chinese police officers were surveyed, all of whom attended the in-service training program at the university.Results suggest that rural officers in China are more likely to embrace the code of silence than their urban counterparts. Additionally, this study demonstrates significant influences of such organizational and environmental factors as police type, agency location and perception of misconduct seriousness on adherence to t...
Source: Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management - November 4, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Guangzhen Wu Source Type: research

Police officers' punitiveness in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: the role of fear, attribution and self-legitimacy
Mahesh K. Nalla, Anna Gurinskaya, Hanif Qureshi Policing: An International Journal, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.- The focus of this study is to examine Indian police officers' punitiveness toward violators of criminal sanctions attached to COVID-19 mitigation laws enacted by the Indian Penal Code. The authors draw from the conceptual frameworks and correlates typically employed in traditional crime and justice research and adapt them to the context of the pandemic. Additionally, the authors examine whether officers' punitive attitudes are related to their belief in self-legitimacy and their job assignment ...
Source: Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management - November 1, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Mahesh K. Nalla Anna Gurinskaya Hanif Qureshi Source Type: research

Police stress: the role of occupational culture and officer characteristics
This study revealed that perceived danger, suspicion of citizens and cynicism toward the public increased police occupational stress, while support from supervisors mitigated it. In addition, Black and Latinx officers reported significantly less stress than their White counterparts.While this study demonstrates that patrol officers' perceptions of the external and internal work environments (and race/ethnicity) matter in terms of occupational stress, it is not without limitations. One limitation related to the generalizability of the findings, as results are gleaned from a single large agency serving a metropolitan jurisdi...
Source: Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management - October 28, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Eugene A. Paoline III Jacinta M. Gau Source Type: research

Police culture and officers' receptivity to body-worn cameras: a panel study
The objectives of this research were to examine how officer perspectives on body-worn cameras (BWCs) are patterned by broader occupational attitudes, and to analyze stability and change in officers' attitudes toward BWCs before and after the deployment of the technology.The authors analyze panel survey data on individual officers in the Albany (New York) Police Department (APD).Pre-BWC deployment, officers varied in their occupational attitudes and BWC perspectives, and the officers' BWC outlooks bore relationships to several occupational attitudes. BWC outlooks were largely stable following deployment. Individual changes ...
Source: Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management - October 28, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Hannah Cochran Robert E. Worden Source Type: research

Contrasting the role of trustworthy versus fair supervisors in  organizational justice models of policing outcomes
Contrasting the role of trustworthy versus fair supervisors in organizational justice models of policing outcomes Robert Patrick Peacock, Sanja Kutnjak Ivkovich, Krunoslav Borovec, Irena Cajner Mraovic Policing: An International Journal, Vol. ahead-of-print, No. ahead-of-print, pp.- Though contemporary police organizational behavior scholars often limit their measure of organizational justice to just supervisory procedural justice, this study examines how the additional dimensions of supervisor trustworthiness and peer procedural justice compare with procedural justice in their role shaping police outcomes.A survey of 63...
Source: Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management - October 25, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Robert Patrick Peacock Sanja Kutnjak Ivkovich Krunoslav Borovec Irena Cajner Mraovic Source Type: research

Mediation and moderated mediation in the relationship between sanction threats, type of  rank and officer attitudes toward misconduct
This study aims to examine whether officers' perceptions of the probability of suffering informal sanctions mediate the relationship between formal sanction threats and attitudes toward misconduct. Most importantly, the study examines whether the potential mediating effect of informal sanction threats varies by the type of rank.The current study utilizes data collected from a mail survey of 480 police officers over a period of six weeks from 20 police stations across two cities in South Korea.Officers' fear of legal sanctions on the attitudes toward misconduct was entirely mediated by the fear of extralegal forms of punish...
Source: Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management - October 17, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Yongjae Nam Source Type: research

Coinciding crises: the effects of the police legitimacy and opioid crises on the culture of a specialized drug investigation unit
This study uses data from semi-structured interviews conducted between October 2021 to May 2022. The results of this study provide a thematic analysis that explores the narcotics detectives' perceptions of key features of police culture, as well as how current challenges affect those perceptions.Key features of the police culture were noticeably absent from detectives' responses, including an overemphasis on danger, machismo, conservatism, and social isolation. Elements of cynicism, group solidarity, and a mission/action-orientation, did emerge. The context of “defund the police” did little to alter their perceptions, ...
Source: Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management - October 17, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Jessica Frantz Nicholas Michael Perez Michael White Aili Malm Source Type: research

Police officers ’ support for corruption: examining the impact of police culture
This study examines the relationship between police culture and support for corruption among Ghanaian police officers.The study draws on data from a survey of 616 police officers across three regions in Ghana. The research questions and hypotheses are addressed through a hierarchical regression analysis.The results show that perception of corruption prevalence, lack of deterrence (i.e. perceived oversight measures) and the Upper East Region significantly predicted officers’ support for corruption. Particularly, lack of deterrence was a consistent predictor of support for corruption across different models compared to cor...
Source: Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management - October 17, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Moses Agaawena Amagnya Source Type: research

Exploring police sexual misconduct: an examination of a decade of incidents in  a metropolitan agency
Exploring police sexual misconduct: an examination of a decade of incidents in a metropolitan agency J. Mitchell Miller, J. Andrew Hansen, Kristina M. Lopez Policing: An International Journal, Vol. 45, No. 6, pp.1098-1113 Police misconduct is a grave matter undermining public trust in law enforcement and police professionalism. While research has specified major forms and causal theories of police misconduct, especially regarding corruption and excessive force, scientific attention to police sexual misconduct (PSM) has been more limited and is addressed here. The purpose of this paper is to address this issue.The current...
Source: Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management - October 6, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: J. Mitchell Miller J. Andrew Hansen Kristina M. Lopez Source Type: research

Public cooperation with police in  Detroit: a testing of three perspectives
This study provides strong support for the legal cynicism and neighborhood norms perspectives. Specifically, residents who have higher levels of legal cynicism and who report a stronger anti-snitch neighborhood subculture report being less inclined to cooperate with the police.This study is the first to compare the relative influences of three major perspectives on public cooperation. Future studies should continue to analyze competing theories in explaining public cooperation with the police and determine if findings from this study are applicable to locations outside Detroit. (Source: Policing: An International Journal o...
Source: Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management - October 5, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Hailey Khatchatourian Grace MacFarland Mindy Thai Danika Hickling Brad Smith Yuning Wu Source Type: research

Human trafficking awareness and reporting: insights from Tennessee police websites and Twitter
Ben Stickle, Teresa C. Kulig, Sadie Creel, Kayla N. Meyer, Bethany Maynard, Garrett C. Jeanes Policing: An International Journal, Vol. 45, No. 6, pp.1051-1063 Human trafficking is challenging to address; one facet of response has been to engage with the public to increase awareness of trafficking and create connections that facilitate identification. Police officials are uniquely situated to engage with the community on human trafficking through their online presence. However, little is known about how police officials use these virtual platforms to discuss trafficking.The current study examines how Tennessee police use a...
Source: Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies and Management - September 13, 2022 Category: Criminology Authors: Ben Stickle Teresa C. Kulig Sadie Creel Kayla N. Meyer Bethany Maynard Garrett C. Jeanes Source Type: research