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Hierarchies of being human: Intergroup dehumanization and its implication in present-day South Africa.
Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, Vol 28(3), Aug 2022, 345-360; doi:10.1037/pac0000616The 20th century saw the dismantling of several oppressive regimes and an international turn toward greater social justice. Yet structural inequality and intergroup animosity persist in many postcolonial and postslavery contexts, not least because the dehumanization inherent to those regimes remain entrenched socially. Here we examined whether the racialized hierarchy established under the inhumane South African apartheid system is still manifest in patterns of dehumanization today, and how this impacts intergroup relations...
Source: Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology - May 5, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Inventing new road paths for the contact theory through contact with a puppet (a “Syrian refugee child”) via a teacher-led intervention in a Greek primary school.
Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, Vol 28(3), Aug 2022, 327-339; doi:10.1037/pac0000612A pre–post quasi experimental design (test–retest–late response test) with a control group involving an intervention that aimed at creating contact conditions between the children of a classroom and a puppet “classmate” that held the identity of a Syrian refugee child was implemented in this study. Contact with a puppet is an innovative form of contact which combines features of direct and indirect intergroup contact. The sample comprised of 73 primary school students drawn from a relatively ethnically homogeneous...
Source: Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology - May 5, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Giving peace a chance: Lessons from translational research in Colombia.
Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, Vol 28(3), Aug 2022, 284-291; doi:10.1037/pac0000613The current article is a personal account, describing the behind the scenes of an ongoing translational research project, initiated by Emile Bruneau in 2018, in collaboration with a team of scientists, filmmakers, and protagonists of the peace process in Colombia. The article is divided into two sections. The first section highlights the raising demand for the use of brain and behavioral sciences in program design and evaluation, especially to update and advance the area of peace and security. The second section reviews how...
Source: Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology - May 5, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

When an injured group’s socio-economic status signals forgiveness expectancy in perpetrators: The moderating role of SDO.
We investigated whether and when perpetrators might expect to be forgiven as a function of their own social dominance orientation and the injured group’s perceived socio-economic status. In a between-subjects design (N = 298), British participants imagined a realistic scenario in which they would offend members of either a low (Filipinos) or high (Chinese) socio-economic status group. Results revealed no significant differences between low and high socio-economic status conditions among participations with low social dominance orientation (SDO) scores. In contrast, participants with high SDO scores expected the injured g...
Source: Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology - May 5, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Hierarchies of being human: Intergroup dehumanization and its implication in present-day South Africa.
The 20th century saw the dismantling of several oppressive regimes and an international turn toward greater social justice. Yet structural inequality and intergroup animosity persist in many postcolonial and postslavery contexts, not least because the dehumanization inherent to those regimes remain entrenched socially. Here we examined whether the racialized hierarchy established under the inhumane South African apartheid system is still manifest in patterns of dehumanization today, and how this impacts intergroup relations and behaviors related to structural reform. Specifically, we investigated blatant dehumanization as ...
Source: Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology - May 5, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Inventing new road paths for the contact theory through contact with a puppet (a “Syrian refugee child”) via a teacher-led intervention in a Greek primary school.
A pre–post quasi experimental design (test–retest–late response test) with a control group involving an intervention that aimed at creating contact conditions between the children of a classroom and a puppet “classmate” that held the identity of a Syrian refugee child was implemented in this study. Contact with a puppet is an innovative form of contact which combines features of direct and indirect intergroup contact. The sample comprised of 73 primary school students drawn from a relatively ethnically homogeneous primary school in Athens and attitudes measures, along with a behavioral measure (a money allocation...
Source: Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology - May 5, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Giving peace a chance: Lessons from translational research in Colombia.
The current article is a personal account, describing the behind the scenes of an ongoing translational research project, initiated by Emile Bruneau in 2018, in collaboration with a team of scientists, filmmakers, and protagonists of the peace process in Colombia. The article is divided into two sections. The first section highlights the raising demand for the use of brain and behavioral sciences in program design and evaluation, especially to update and advance the area of peace and security. The second section reviews how we applied the three significant steps proposed by Moore-Berg et al. (in press) to carry out a resea...
Source: Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology - May 5, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

“I think memory sites are the same as the scars in your body”: The tensions of memorial production and the use of space in memory sites in Chile.
Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, Vol 28(4), Nov 2022, 480-490; doi:10.1037/pac0000606Much of the research conducted on transitional justice in Chile has focused on social memory and memory policies. However, limited attention has been paid to the process of memorial production taking place in specific spaces and places during the postdictatorship period. The present study examines how five Chilean memory sites perform this task by means of 16 interviews with people linked to these places in some way (e.g., as workers, volunteers, visitors, or academics). On the basis of data produced, an analysis of biograp...
Source: Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology - April 7, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Understanding intergroup conflict: How do children in a divided society perceive group differences?
Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, Vol 28(3), Aug 2022, 310-313; doi:10.1037/pac0000610Outgroup perceptions are a fundamental element of social categorization, particularly in contexts of intergroup conflict. Social Identity Development Theory argues that perceived differences between groups is the first step in ethnic identity development. This understanding of social categories among children may have implications for negative intergroup attitudes or even prejudice. Our study explores how Jews (N = 180) and Arab-Muslims (N = 207) in middle childhood perceive the difference between these two ethno-religious ...
Source: Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology - April 7, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Understanding intergroup conflict: How do children in a divided society perceive group differences?
Outgroup perceptions are a fundamental element of social categorization, particularly in contexts of intergroup conflict. Social Identity Development Theory argues that perceived differences between groups is the first step in ethnic identity development. This understanding of social categories among children may have implications for negative intergroup attitudes or even prejudice. Our study explores how Jews (N = 180) and Arab-Muslims (N = 207) in middle childhood perceive the difference between these two ethno-religious groups in Israel. Thematic analysis found two themes: (a) differences in everyday ethnic and cultural...
Source: Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology - April 7, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Peace attitude and friendliness influence cooperative choices in context of uncertainty.
The choice of a strategy in a context of uncertainty such as the iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma game can be influenced by many factors. There is limited evidence about how these factors affect the cooperative choices when the player receives different types of feedback in terms of pay-off. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of peace attitudes and personality factors in cooperation choices. Forty-nine adults filled out the Peace Attitude Scale and the Big Five Questionnaire and were submitted to five versions of the iterated Prisoner’s Dilemma game (tit for tat, cooperate, unforgiving, random, and defect). T...
Source: Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology - April 7, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Contrast of felt understanding and intergroup relations within and between communities.
Felt understanding is linked to intergroup relations. However, almost all of the studies linking felt understanding to intergroup relations have been conducted in a relation where ingroups and outgroups cohabit within a community having a shared superordinate political structure/system (cohabitating target). It is unclear whether this association generaliddzes to another relation that ingroups and outgroups live in separate communities with different superordinate systems (separate target). The present work investigates whether the predictive role of felt understanding in intergroup relations differs across the two targets...
Source: Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology - April 7, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research

Translating social science for peace: Benefits, challenges, and recommendations.
Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology, Vol 28(3), Aug 2022, 274-283; doi:10.1037/pac0000604There is a growing push within the social sciences to conduct translational science that not only advances theory but also achieves real world impact. The goals of this paper are (a) to encourage scholars to engage in translational science by conducting research that responds to pressing social challenges, and (b) to provide concrete recommendations on how to incorporate such practices into their research programs. To do this, we bring together perspectives of academics and practitioners who have experience merging science ...
Source: Peace and Conflict: Journal of Peace Psychology - March 31, 2022 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Source Type: research