Obesity and Diabetes
Obesity is the most significant risk factor for the development of diabetes. Both obesity and diabetes rates have continued to increase in tandem and pose increased mortality for patients and increased health care costs for the community. Weight loss of 5% or more of total body weight renders improvements in glycemic control, decreases in the need for diabetes medications, and improved quality of life. Cotreatment of obesity and diabetes requires a comprehensive medical approach that encompasses intensive lifestyle modification including behavioral changes, nutrition, and physical activity, as well as pharmacotherapy and p...
Source: Nursing Clinics of North America - November 6, 2021 Category: Nursing Authors: Mohini Aras, Beverly G. Tchang, Joy Pape Source Type: research
Obesity and Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
This article provides an overview of NAFLD and obesity, pathogenesis of NAFLD and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, clinical presentation and diagnostic criteria, and a review of practice guidelines. The current mainstay of treatment for NAFLD are lifestyle modifications and include a plan to eat, move, and change behavior. The future holds potential for new drug therapies in treating NAFLD. More research is needed to move these treatments forward. (Source: Nursing Clinics of North America)
Source: Nursing Clinics of North America - November 6, 2021 Category: Nursing Authors: Amanda Chaney Source Type: research
Obesity and Psychiatric Disorders
Many psychiatric disorders are associated with obesity and include mood disorders, anxiety disorders, personality disorders, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, binge eating disorders, trauma, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia. According to National Obesity Observatory, there is evidence that both obesity and mental health disorders take up a significant portion of the global burden of disease. The bidirectional nature of obesity and mental illness indicates the importance of screening all persons being treated for either obesity or mental illnesses be screened for the other. Failure to do so may decrease the effec...
Source: Nursing Clinics of North America - November 6, 2021 Category: Nursing Authors: Christy Perry, Twila Sterling Guillory, Sattaria S. Dilks Source Type: research
Current Evidence-Based Treatment of Obesity
This article reviews current evidence-based treatment of obesity and key components for all clinicians to have knowledge of. (Source: Nursing Clinics of North America)
Source: Nursing Clinics of North America - November 6, 2021 Category: Nursing Authors: Amy Beth Ingersoll Source Type: research
Obesity and Sleep
Sleep is often misunderstood in its impact on many chronic diseases including obesity. Obesity and restorative sleep are intertwined processes. Poor sleep negatively affects the key hormones of weight and appetite regulation, thereby potentially increasing weight via mechanisms that increase hunger and lower metabolism, thereby making the successful treatment of obesity more difficult. Clinicians should consider a comprehensive sleep history and proper treatment or referral to a sleep specialist in conjunction with obesity treatment. Adequate restorative sleep is integral to a comprehensive obesity treatment program. (Sour...
Source: Nursing Clinics of North America - November 6, 2021 Category: Nursing Authors: Craig Primack Source Type: research
Pathophysiology of Obesity
As obesity continues a relentless march across the globe, researchers are beginning to unlock the complicated interplay among obesity, its ensuing inflammation, and downstream complications. It is becoming clear that obesity is a chronic, multifactorial, inflammatory disease of maladaptive adipose tissue mass involving complex links among genetics, hormonal-signaling, and the environment. Understanding the intricate pathogenesis of obesity and its sequela will go a long way to discovering better treatment options and lessen anti-obesity bias. (Source: Nursing Clinics of North America)
Source: Nursing Clinics of North America - November 6, 2021 Category: Nursing Authors: Christine Kessler Source Type: research
Obesity in the Critical Care Setting
The prevalence of obesity continues to rise and is caused by many factors. Obesity places patients at risk for high blood pressure, diabetes, heart disease, and cancer. Although obesity in the normal population is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, obesity in critically ill patients has lower mortality. This is referred to as the obesity paradox, and although not fully understood, involves several mechanisms that demonstrate a protective factor in critically ill obese patients. However, despite the benefit, the management of critically ill obese patients faces many challenges. (Source: Nursing Clinics of North America)
Source: Nursing Clinics of North America - November 6, 2021 Category: Nursing Authors: Candice Falls, Sheila Melander Source Type: research
Moving Toward Health Policy that Respects Both Science and People Living with Obesity
Through four decades of rising obesity, health policy has been mostly ineffective. Prevention policies failed to reverse rising trends in prevalence, partly because they are often based on biased mental models about what should work to prevent obesity, rather than empiric evidence for what does work. Bias toward people living with obesity harms health, while contributing to poor access to effective care that might serve to improve it. Better public policy will come from an increased application of objective obesity science, research to fill knowledge gaps, and respect for the human dignity of people who live with obesity. ...
Source: Nursing Clinics of North America - November 6, 2021 Category: Nursing Authors: Theodore K. Kyle, Fatima Cody Stanford Source Type: research
Obesity ’s Impact
The rates of preobesity (overweight) and obesity are increasing worldwide.1 The World Health Organization shows that obesity rates have tripled since 1975. The data showed 1.9 BILLION adults with preobesity and 650 million adults with obesity worldwide.2 The cost to the global economy is staggering at 2 trillion dollars, as much as is spent on armed conflicts and smoking combined.3 In the United States, 70% of adults have preobesity or obesity.4 The World Health Organization has labeled this “globesity.”5 (Source: Nursing Clinics of North America)
Source: Nursing Clinics of North America - November 6, 2021 Category: Nursing Authors: Angela Golden Tags: Preface Source Type: research
Obesity
NURSING CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA (Source: Nursing Clinics of North America)
Source: Nursing Clinics of North America - November 6, 2021 Category: Nursing Authors: Angela Golden Source Type: research
Copyright
ELSEVIER (Source: Nursing Clinics of North America)
Source: Nursing Clinics of North America - November 6, 2021 Category: Nursing Source Type: research
Contributors
STEPHEN D. KRAU, PhD, RN, CNE (Source: Nursing Clinics of North America)
Source: Nursing Clinics of North America - November 6, 2021 Category: Nursing Source Type: research
Contents
Angela Golden (Source: Nursing Clinics of North America)
Source: Nursing Clinics of North America - November 6, 2021 Category: Nursing Source Type: research
Forthcoming Issues
Burnout in Nursing: Causes, Management, and Future Directions (Source: Nursing Clinics of North America)
Source: Nursing Clinics of North America - November 6, 2021 Category: Nursing Source Type: research
Basic Airway Management for the Professional Nurse
The registered nurse (RN) on a medical-surgical nursing unit may be the first health care professional to encounter a patient with the signs of impending respiratory failure. Importantly, the RN must recognize the signs of respiratory compromise and possess the competence and confidence to intervene without delay. Signs of respiratory deterioration, physical assessment, and respiratory laboratory studies are reviewed. Modes of oxygen therapy, basic airway management techniques, including bag mask ventilation, and use of oropharyngeal and nasopharyngeal airways are discussed. The assembly of equipment and medications freque...
Source: Nursing Clinics of North America - August 6, 2021 Category: Nursing Authors: Denise H. Tola, Alyssa Rojo, Brett Morgan Source Type: research
