Dose-reduction trials in oncology — aiming for less toxicity and better quality of life at lower costs
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 16 October 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00831-5Projected increases of cancer-attributable health-care costs, accompanied by staff shortages, will impose future economic and operational challenges on national health-care systems. Herein, we highlight a series of clinical and health economic rationales in support of publicly funded clinical trial teams that conduct real-world dose-reduction trials aiming for adjustment of cancer drug label doses to reduce not only the financial burden on payers, but also the toxicity burden on patients. (Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology)
Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology - October 16, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kim Theilgaard-M önch Lars Holger Ehlers Source Type: research
Progression-free survival, disease-free survival and other composite end points in oncology: improved reporting is needed
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 12 October 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00823-5The use of composite end points in clinical trials can expedite drug development and approval, and thus improve patient access to novel treatments, but are often vaguely and heterogeneously defined, with considerable inter-study variation in the component events that are included. The different component events can vary in clinical significance and be differentially affected by treatment but, nevertheless, are rarely reported separately. In this Perspective, Walia et al. define composite outcomes that are commonly used in onc...
Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology - October 12, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Anushka Walia Jordan Tuia Vinay Prasad Source Type: research
Dabrafenib–trametinib moves to the first line in low-grade glioma
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 10 October 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00829-zDabrafenib–trametinib moves to the first line in low-grade glioma (Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology)
Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology - October 10, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Diana Romero Source Type: research
Irradiation of asymptomatic bone metastases improves outcomes
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 06 October 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00828-0Irradiation of asymptomatic bone metastases improves outcomes (Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology)
Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology - October 6, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: David Killock Source Type: research
Nasopharyngeal cancer screening with an anti-BNLF2b antibody: a new arrow in the quiver?
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 04 October 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00827-1Epstein–Barr virus (EBV)-based biomarkers are used for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) screening in endemic regions. A recent prospective study describes the use of a new serological biomarker, antibodies targeting the EBV protein BNLF2b, for NPC screening in>20,000 participants. This biomarker yielded both higher sensitivity and specificity for NPC detection in the screening cohort compared with the conventionally used antibodies. Herein, we highlight the key findings of this study and discuss the implications of these resu...
Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology - October 4, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: W. K. Jacky Lam Anthony T. C. Chan Source Type: research
Heterogeneity and treatment landscape of ovarian carcinoma
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 02 October 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00819-1Ovarian carcinoma is a highly heterogeneous tumour type, both spatially and temporally. As a consequence, these carcinomas are often associated with poor outcomes. Ovarian carcinoma comprises various subtypes with distinct complex molecular features. The authors of this Review discuss the molecular, cellular and anatomical heterogeneity of ovarian carcinoma, and outline the current and future treatment strategies for this malignancy. (Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology)
Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology - October 2, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ana C. Veneziani Eduardo Gonzalez-Ochoa Husam Alqaisi Ainhoa Madariaga Gita Bhat Marjan Rouzbahman Suku Sneha Amit M. Oza Source Type: research
Patritumab deruxtecan shows activity in EGFR-mutant NSCLC
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 25 September 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00822-6Patritumab deruxtecan shows activity in EGFR-mutant NSCLC (Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology)
Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology - September 25, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Peter Sidaway Source Type: research
Drug-tolerant persister cells in cancer: the cutting edges and future directions
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 25 September 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00815-5Despite improved effectiveness, most systemic cancer therapies are not curative and most patients will develop acquired resistance that often cannot be explained by the emergence of specific genomic alterations. In this Perspective, the authors describe the potential role of a small population of tumour cells, termed drug-tolerant persister cells, that are able to survive therapy and, on continued treatment exposure, develop stable mechanisms of resistance to systemic therapies. (Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology)
Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology - September 25, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yi Pu Lu Li Haoning Peng Lunxu Liu Dominique Heymann Caroline Robert Fran çois Vallette Shensi Shen Source Type: research
Complicated regulatory decision-making following inconsistent trial results: the issue with ibrutinib for mantle cell lymphoma
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 21 September 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00821-7In 2023, a decade after granting Accelerated Approval to the first-in-class BTK inhibitor ibrutinib for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma, the FDA requested this indication be withdrawn. Herein, we discuss the seemingly inconsistent results from the SHINE and TRIANGLE trials, which relate to the distinct patient populations of these trials, and posit that regulatory approaches should take these nuances into account. (Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology)
Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology - September 21, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Edward R. Scheffer Cliff Talal Hilal Aaron S. Kesselheim Source Type: research
Dabrafenib–trametinib is effective in paediatric high-grade glioma
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 19 September 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00820-8Dabrafenib–trametinib is effective in paediatric high-grade glioma (Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology)
Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology - September 19, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Diana Romero Source Type: research
Biomarkers for immunotherapy of hepatocellular carcinoma
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 19 September 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00816-4The availability of regimens containing one or more immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has improved the outcomes in patients with advanced-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. However, clinical benefit from these regimens is difficult to predict, indicating the need for novel biomarkers. In this Review, the authors describe the available evidence on biomarkers to guide the use of ICIs in these patients and discuss promising future research directions. (Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology)
Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology - September 19, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tim F. Greten Augusto Villanueva Firouzeh Korangy Benjamin Ruf Mark Yarchoan Lichun Ma Eytan Ruppin Xin W. Wang Source Type: research
Sacituzumab govitecan improves OS in heavily pretreated patients
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 08 September 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00818-2Sacituzumab govitecan improves OS in heavily pretreated patients (Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology)
Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology - September 8, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Peter Sidaway Source Type: research
Early promising results with the novel KRASG12C inhibitor divarasib
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 06 September 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00817-3Early promising results with the novel KRASG12C inhibitor divarasib (Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology)
Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology - September 6, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Diana Romero Source Type: research
TAM family kinases as therapeutic targets at the interface of cancer and immunity
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 04 September 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00813-7The TAM (TYRO3, AXL and MERTK) family receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) have diverse cancer-promoting functions in malignant cells as well as immune cells and other cell types in the tumour microenvironment, presenting an attractive opportunity for both direct and immune-mediated therapeutic activity manifest through inhibition of a single target. Accordingly, a variety of agents designed to selectively target TAM RTKs are entering clinical testing. This Review provides an essential guide to the TAM RTKs for clinicians. The ...
Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology - September 4, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Deborah DeRyckere Justus M. Huelse H. Shelton Earp Douglas K. Graham Source Type: research
Harnessing potent therapies with care: enfortumab vedotin plus pembrolizumab for advanced-stage urothelial carcinoma
Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology, Published online: 04 September 2023; doi:10.1038/s41571-023-00814-6Following the recent FDA Accelerated Approval of enfortumab vedotin (EV) plus pembrolizumab for patients with advanced-stage urothelial carcinoma who are cisplatin-ineligible, herein we highlight key clinical outcomes with this combination based on results from Cohort K of the pivotal phase Ib/II EV-103 trial. We also discuss treatment sequencing, de-escalation strategies and toxicity management as EV–pembrolizumab becomes widely used in clinical practice. (Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology)
Source: Nature Reviews Clinical Oncology - September 4, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Pooja Ghatalia Elizabeth R. Plimack Source Type: research
