Using “Markers of Harm” to Track Risky Gambling in Two Cohorts of Online Sports Bettors
AbstractOnline gambling poses novel risks for problem gambling, but also unique opportunities to detect and intervene with at-risk users. A consortium of gambling companies recently committed to using nine behavioral"Markers of Harm'' that can be calculated with online user data to estimate risk for gambling-related harm. The current study evaluates these markers in two independent samples of sports bettors, collected ten years apart. We find over a two-year period that most users never had high enough overall risk scores to indicate that they would have received an intervention. This observation is partly due to char...
Source: Journal of Gambling Studies - January 24, 2022 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Advancing the Pathways Model: Financially Focused Self-concept and Erroneous Beliefs as Core Psychopathologies in Disordered Gambling
AbstractIn the Pathways Model, there are three distinct etiological subtypes of disordered gambling (Behaviourally Conditioned, Emotionally Vulnerable, and Anti-Social Impulsive Risk-Taker). The Pathways Model also posits that erroneous gambling beliefs are a maintenance factor of disordered gambling across the subtypes. Yet, etiological factors and erroneous beliefs have largely been examined separately when determining disordered gambling subtype. Moreover, there may be heretofore unexamined maintenance factors that span the disordered gambling subtypes. In the current research, we addressed this gap by using latent prof...
Source: Journal of Gambling Studies - January 21, 2022 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
The Prevalence and Correlates of Gambling in Australian Secondary School Students
This study aimed to examine, among Australian adolescents, the prevalence of gambling (ever, in the last month, at-risk and problem), the most frequent gambling types and modalities, and to explore the student characteristics associated with gambling in the last month and with at-risk or problem gambling. Students aged 12 –17 years from Victoria and Queensland answered gambling questions as part of the Australian Secondary School Alcohol and Drug (ASSAD) Survey in 2017. The ASSAD also included a series of questions about smoking, alcohol and other drug use, and mental health. A total of 6377 students from 93 schoo ls we...
Source: Journal of Gambling Studies - January 21, 2022 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Using Icon Arrays to Communicate Gambling Information Reduces the Appeal of Scratch Card Games
AbstractPast work has demonstrated that presenting statistical information in a foreground –background icon array can improve risk understanding, reduce decision-making biases, and decrease the salience of low-probability risks. In the present study, we assess whether presenting readily available gambling information within a foreground–background icon array influences individuals’ gambling-related judgments (e.g., their perceived likelihood of winning a prize). Across two experiments (N = 1151), we find that using icon arrays to present gambling information reduces the appeal of scratch card games. That is, part...
Source: Journal of Gambling Studies - January 19, 2022 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Proneness to Alcohol use Disorder or Pathological Gambling as Differentially Determined by Early Parental and Personality Factors
This study aims to investigate personality factors, parental styles in upbringing and early exposure to alcoholism integratively to shed light on how such variables generally shape vulnerability for addictive behaviours and alcohol use disorder (AUD) as well as pathological gambling (PG), separately. The sample consisted of 150 for the inpatient groups (78 AUD and 72 PG) and 102 participants for the control group. The inpatient group comprised “pure” AUD (excluding gambling and other significant addictive disorders) and “pure” PG (excluding AUD and other significant addictive disorders). A random forest-trees analy...
Source: Journal of Gambling Studies - January 17, 2022 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Impaired Metacognitive Differentiation, High Difficulty in Controlling Impulses and Non-acceptance of Emotions are Associated With the Severity of Gambling Disorder
AbstractThe role of metacognition in gambling disorder (GD) is underexplored. To date, only two studies have investigated the role of metacognitive functioning, but among the adolescent population. The first aim of the current research was to assess and compare adult male gamblers with healthy controls (HCs) in relation to metacognition, impulsivity and emotional dysregulation. The second aim was to identify the variables among metacognition, impulsivity and emotional dysregulation associated with the severity of GD by means of linear regression.A total of 116 adult males (58 with GD and 58 HCs) completed self-report quest...
Source: Journal of Gambling Studies - January 8, 2022 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Satisfaction of Basic Psychological Needs and Adherence to Responsible Gambling Practices: The Mediating Role of Flourishing
AbstractResponsible gambling (RG) is a practical approach to contain potential gambling-associated harms to an acceptable level. However, few studies have proposed a theoretical framework to account for significant individual differences in RG adherence, which hinders an effective RG promotion in public. To address this missing link, the current study aims to identify psychological need factors associated with adherence to RG practices. We applied the self-determination theory (SDT) to explore the association between the satisfaction of basic psychological needs (i.e., relatedness, competency, and autonomy) and RG adherenc...
Source: Journal of Gambling Studies - January 8, 2022 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Prevalence and Trends in Problem Gambling in Denmark with Special Focus on Country of Origin: Results from the Danish Health and Morbidity Surveys
AbstractBelonging to an ethnic minority has been described as a possible risk factor for problem gambling, but the literature is inconclusive whether this association is true or just a proxy for other underlying risk factors. Hence, the aims were to investigate: (1) past year prevalence of problem gambling in the adult Danish population and trends since 2005, (2) past year prevalence of problem gambling in 2017 and trends since 2010 by country of origin, and (3) whether a marginalisation by country of origin or problem gambling, respectively, is seen in various health-related indicators. Data were derived from the Danish H...
Source: Journal of Gambling Studies - January 6, 2022 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Longitudinal Assessment of a Manualized Group Treatment Program for Gambling Disorder: The Ohio Problem Gambling Treatment Model for Adults with Co-Occurring Disorders
AbstractIndividuals with gambling disorder (GD) experience a host of negative psychosocial and physical health outcomes, yet few seek treatment. Of particular concern are individuals with co-occurring mental and behavioral health disorders, a group at higher risk for GD in the state of Ohio. To better serve this population, the Ohio Department of Mental Health and Addiction Services developed a group-based GD treatment manual for adults with co-occurring disorders. Over the course of 5 years, 353 individuals engaged in at least some of the manual’s 12 weekly modules, and more than one-third (n = 122) completed the ...
Source: Journal of Gambling Studies - January 1, 2022 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Clustering Treatment Outcomes in Women with Gambling Disorder
This study aimed to explore profiles of women seeking treatment for GD based on a set of indicators including sociodemographic features, personality traits, clinical state at baseline, and cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) outcomes. Two-step clustering, an agglomerative hierarchical classification system, was applied to a sample ofn = 163 women of ages ranging from 20 to 73 years-old, consecutively attended to by a clinical unit specialized in the treatment of G. Three mutually exclusive clusters were identified. Cluster C1 (n = 67, 41.1%) included the highest proportion of married, occupationally active patients...
Source: Journal of Gambling Studies - December 21, 2021 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Gambling Outlets Location in Urban Areas: A Case Study of Madrid
AbstractCities are certainly a key factor in the location of gambling facilities. This paper aims to map the location of gambling outlets in urban areas and to examine potential links between neighborhoods socioeconomic and demographic characteristics and gambling supply, taking into account spatial dependencies of neighboring areas. This correlation is of interest because neighborhood characteristics may attract sellers, and because the presence of gambling sellers may cause changes in neighborhood demographics. Using detailed official data from the city of Madrid for the year 2017, three spatial econometri c approaches...
Source: Journal of Gambling Studies - December 8, 2021 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Gambling Among Finnish 14 –16-Year-Old Adolescents Before (2008–2009), During (2010–2011), and After (2013–2017) Setting the Legal Age Limit of 18 for Gambling and the Role of Socio-Economic Status
AbstractLegislation prohibiting minors from engaging in gambling is a gambling policy measure set to protect adolescents from the harmful effects of gambling. The Finnish gambling system is based on a state monopoly, regulated by the Lotteries Act. After an amendment to the Lotteries Act, the new minimum legal gambling age was raised to 18 years old between 2010 and 2011. The main purpose of this study was to discover how the amendment to the act altered adolescents’ gambling (14–16-year-olds) and to examine whether the amendment decreased socio-economic differences. Adolescents gambling was studied before (2008–20...
Source: Journal of Gambling Studies - December 7, 2021 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
The Bounded Ending Effect in the Domain of Football Gambling: High Risks Are Not Always Preferred at the End
AbstractPrevious research has demonstrated that individuals present increased risk taking at the end of a series of gambles, a phenomenon called the ending effect. By using a large online football gambling data, we attempted to replicate the ending effect and tested the existence of a different pattern of increased risk taking at the ending. The results showed that at the end of a series of football gambles, bettors would take more risks, and options with lower risk would be preferred. In games without the interference of local bettors, the ending effect was found to be stronger than that of games with local bettors. Overa...
Source: Journal of Gambling Studies - December 2, 2021 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Stressful Life Events Precede Gambling Problems, and Continued Gambling Problems Exacerbate Stressful Life Events; A Life Course Calendar Study
This study used a retrospective design to examine the temporal order of these associations. Specifically, the study employed a life course calendar in a self-directed online survey to minimise memory biases common in retrospective designs. A total of 1564 US respondents who had gambled at any point in their life (51.0% female, median age 46) were asked whether, for each year of their adult life, they had experienced each of eight stressful life events, and whether they had engaged in casual or heavy gambling, drinking or drug use, with heavy gambling defined in line with a problem gambling definition. We found that five st...
Source: Journal of Gambling Studies - November 21, 2021 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
Development and Validation of a Near Miss Scale for Assessing Gambling Tendency
In this study, the aim is to develop a Near Miss Scale (NMS) to assess the tendency of gambling. In the first step, a 38-item measurement tool was prepared by the first author, which was examined by 8 experts. According to their comments and opinions, a 32-item 5-point Likert-type pre-form was created. The study was conducted with 600 gamblers in Northern Cyprus between December 2018-March 2019 and data from 563 of them were included in the statistical analysis. In the questionnaire, Socio-demographic form, Gambling Craving Scale (GCS), South Oaks Gambling Screening Test (SOGST) and NMS were used. With the SPSS 23 and R St...
Source: Journal of Gambling Studies - November 20, 2021 Category: Addiction Source Type: research
