Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology This is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader or to display this data on your own website or blog.

Revisiting miRNA-21 as a Therapeutic Strategy for Myocardial Infarction: A Systematic Review
In this study, we systematically reviewed the results of published papers on the therapeutic effect of miR-21 for myocardial infarction. Studies described the cardioprotective effects of miR-21 to reduce infarct size by improving angiogenesis, antiapoptotic, and anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Results suggest that cardioprotective effects of miR-21 may work synergistically to prevent the deterioration of cardiac function during postischemia. However, there are other results that indicate that miR-21 positively regulates tissue fibrosis, potentially worsening a postischemic injury. The dual functionalities of miR-21 occur thr...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology - September 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Adrenal G Protein-Coupled Receptors and the Failing Heart: A Long-distance, Yet Intimate Affair
Abstract: Systolic heart failure (HF) is a chronic clinical syndrome characterized by the reduction in cardiac function and still remains the disease with the highest mortality worldwide. Despite considerable advances in pharmacological treatment, HF represents a severe clinical and social burden. Chronic human HF is characterized by several important neurohormonal perturbations, emanating from both the autonomic nervous system and the adrenal glands. Circulating catecholamines (norepinephrine and epinephrine) and aldosterone elevations are among the salient alterations that confer significant hormonal burden on the al...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology - September 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Tags: Invited Review Article Source Type: research

Pepducin-mediated G Protein-Coupled Receptor Signaling in the Cardiovascular System
Abstract: Pepducins are small-lipidated peptides designed from the intracellular loops of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that act in an allosteric manner to modulate the activity of GPCRs. Over the past 2 decades, pepducins have progressed initially from pharmacologic tools used to manipulate GPCR activity in an orthosteric site-independent manner to compounds with therapeutic potential that have even been used safely in phase 1 and 2 clinical trials in human subjects. The effect of pepducins at their cognate receptors has been shown to vary between antagonist, partial agonist, and biased agonist outcomes in vario...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology - September 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Tags: Invited Review Article Source Type: research

Adrenergic Receptor Regulation of Mitochondrial Function in Cardiomyocytes
Abstract: Adrenergic receptors (ARs) are G protein–coupled receptors that are stimulated by catecholamines to induce a wide array of physiological effects across tissue types. Both α1- and β-ARs are found on cardiomyocytes and regulate cardiac contractility and hypertrophy through diverse molecular pathways. Acute activation of cardiomyocyte β-ARs increases heart rate and contractility as an adaptive stress response. However, chronic β-AR stimulation contributes to the pathobiology of heart failure. By contrast, mounting evidence suggests that α1-ARs serve protective functions that may mitigate the deleterious e...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology - September 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Tags: Invited Review Article Source Type: research

Autoantibodies and Cardiomyopathy: Focus on Beta-1 Adrenergic Receptor Autoantibodies
In this study, we discuss the significance of the diversity in signaling and its implications in pathology. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology - September 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Tags: Invited Review Article Source Type: research

Nanobodies as Probes and Modulators of Cardiovascular G Protein–Coupled Receptors
Abstract: Understanding the activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) is of paramount importance to the field of cardiovascular medicine due to the critical physiological roles of these receptors and their prominence as drug targets. Although many cardiovascular GPCRs have been extensively studied as model receptors for decades, new complexities in their regulation continue to emerge. As a result, there is an ongoing need to develop novel approaches to monitor and to modulate GPCR activation. In less than a decade, nanobodies, or recombinant single-domain antibody fragments from camelids, have become indispensa...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology - September 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Tags: Invited Review Article Source Type: research

Subcellular β-Adrenergic Receptor Signaling in Cardiac Physiology and Disease
Abstract: Adrenergic receptors are critical regulators of cardiac function with profound effects on cardiac output during sympathetic stimulation. Chronic stimulation of the adrenergic system of the heart under conditions of cardiac stress leads to cardiac dysfunction, hypertrophy, and ultimately failure. Emerging data have revealed that G protein–coupled receptors in intracellular compartments are functionally active and regulate distinct cellular processes from those at the cell surface. β2 adrenergic receptors internalize onto endosomes in various cell types where they have recently been shown to continue to stim...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology - September 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Tags: Invited Review Article Source Type: research

N-Tertaining a New Signaling Paradigm for the Cardiomyocyte β1-Adrenergic Receptor
Abstract: β1-adrenergic receptors (β1ARs) are the principle mediators of catecholamine actions in cardiomyocytes. β1ARs rapidly adjust cardiac output and provide short-term hemodynamic support for the failing heart by activating a Gs-adenylyl cyclase pathway that increases 3’-5’-cyclic adenosine monophosphate and leads to the activation of protein kinase A and the phosphorylation of substrates involved in excitation–contraction coupling. However, chronic persistent β1AR activation in the setting of heart failure leads to a spectrum of maladaptive changes that contribute to the evolution of heart failure. The ...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology - September 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Tags: Invited Review Article Source Type: research

G Protein–Coupled Receptors—Receptors With New Tricks Up Their Sleeves
No abstract available (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology - September 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Turn Up the HETE on Septic Shock
Abstract: Septic shock is life-threatening organ dysfunction due to a dysregulated response to infection. It is a leading cause of death caused by the excessive release of cytokines and inflammatory mediators in response to bacterial endotoxins. It produces hypotension refractory to vasoconstrictors leading to tissue hypoperfusion and multiple organ failure. Despite intensive investigation, there still are no specific pharmacologic treatments. Current therapy relies on supportive care, including antibiotics, fluid resuscitation, corticosteroids, and pressor agents. This commentary summarizes little-known previous obser...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology - August 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Tags: Commentary Source Type: research

Acknowledgment of Reviewers
No abstract available (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology - August 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Tags: Reviewer Thank You Source Type: research

Is the 5-hydroxytryptamine 7 Receptor Constitutively Active in the Vasculature? A Study in Veins/Vein
Abstract: The 5-hydroxytryptamine 7 (5-HT7) receptor is reported to have considerable constitutive activity when transfected into cells. Constitutive activity—receptor activity in the absence of known agonist—is important for understanding the contributions of a receptor to (patho)physiology. We test the hypothesis that the 5-HT7 receptor possesses constitutive activity in a physiological situation. Isolated veins from male and female Sprague Dawley rats were used as models for measuring isometric force; the abdominal vena cava possesses a functional 5-HT7 receptor that mediates relaxation, whereas the small mesent...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology - August 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Regulator of G-Protein Signaling 5 Protein Deficiency Differentially Influences Blood Pressure, Vascular and Behavioral Effects in Aged Male Mice
We report that RGS5 has protective effects on blood pressure and the cerebral vasculature in aged mice. Clinically, these data suggest that RAS blockers may significantly reduce cerebrovascular disease risk in aged males lacking RGS5. (Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology)
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology - August 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The Ameliorative Effect of Berberine on Vascular Calcification by Inhibiting Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
Abstract: Vascular calcification (VC), which currently cannot be prevented or treated, is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular events. We aimed to investigate the ameliorative effect of berberine on VC via the activation of Akt signaling and inhibition of endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS). The VC model was induced by high-dose Vitamin D3 in rats and beta-glycerophosphate in primary vascular smooth muscle cells of rat aortas, which were evaluated by Alizarin red staining to determine the calcium content and alkaline phosphatase activity. ERS was determined by the levels of GRP78 and CHOP, whereas that of the A...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology - August 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Activation of GPR75 Signaling Pathway Contributes to the Effect of a 20-HETE Mimetic, 5,14-HEDGE, to Prevent Hypotensive and Tachycardic Responses to Lipopolysaccharide in a Rat Model of Septic Shock
This study tested the hypothesis that the GPR75 signaling pathway mediates these effects of 5,14-HEDGE in response to systemic exposure to LPS. Mean arterial pressure reduced by 33 mm Hg, and heart rate increased by 102 beats/min at 4 hours following LPS injection. Coimmunoprecipitation studies demonstrated that (1) the dissociation of GPR75/Gαq/11 and GPR kinase interactor 1 (GIT1)/protein kinase C (PKC) α, the association of GPR75/GIT1, large conductance voltage and calcium-activated potassium subunit β (MaxiKβ)/PKCα, MaxiKβ/proto-oncogene tyrosine-protein kinase (c-Src), and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)...
Source: Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology - August 1, 2022 Category: Cardiology Tags: Original Article Source Type: research