Looking represents choosing in toddlers: Exploring the equivalence between multimodal measures in forced ‐choice tasks
This study aimed to answer this question by investigating how accurately pointing responses (i.e., left or right) could be predicted from concurrent preferential looking. Using pre‐existing videos of toddlers aged 18–23 months engaged in an intermodal word comprehension task, we developed models predicting man ual from looking responses. Results showed substantial prediction accuracy for both the Simple Majority Vote and Machine Learning‐Based classifiers, which indicates that looking responses would be reasonable alternative measures of manual ones. However, the further exploratory analysis revealed th at when appl...
Source: Infancy - December 28, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Hiromichi Hagihara,
Naoto Ienaga,
Kei Terayama,
Yusuke Moriguchi,
Masa ‐aki Sakagami Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Multimodal representational gestures in the transition to multi ‐word productions
AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze the use of representational gestures from a multimodal point of view in the transition from one ‐word to multi‐word constructions. Twenty‐one Spanish‐speaking children were observed longitudinally at 18, 21, 24, and 30 months of age. We analyzed the production of deictic, symbolic, and conventional gestures and their coordination with different verbal elements. Moreover, we explored t he relationship between gestural multimodal and unimodal productions and independent measures of language development. Results showed that gesture production remains stable in the period s...
Source: Infancy - December 28, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Eva Murillo,
Marta Casla Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Beyond talk: Contributions of quantity and quality of communication to language success across socioeconomic strata
AbstractInfants from low ‐socioeconomic status (SES) households hear a projected 30 million fewer words than their higher‐SES peers. In a recent study, Hirsh‐Pasek et al. (Psychological Science, 2015; 26: 1071) found that in a low ‐income sample,fluency and connectedness in exchanges between caregivers and toddlers predicted child language a year later over and above quantity of talk (Hirsh ‐Pasek et al.,Psychological Science, 2015; 26: 1071). Here, we expand upon this study by examiningfluency and connectedness in two higher ‐SES samples. Using data from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Developmen...
Source: Infancy - December 28, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Lillian R. Masek,
Sarah J. Paterson,
Roberta Michnick Golinkoff,
Roger Bakeman,
Lauren B. Adamson,
Margaret Tresch Owen,
Amy Pace,
Kathy Hirsh ‐Pasek Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
The development of gaze following in monolingual and bilingual infants: A multi ‐laboratory study
AbstractDetermining the meanings of words requires language learners to attend to what other people say. However, it behooves a young language learner to simultaneously encode relevant non ‐verbal cues, for example, by following the direction of their eye gaze. Sensitivity to cues such as eye gaze might be particularly important for bilingual infants, as they encounter less consistency between words and objects than monolingual infants, and do not always have access to the same word ‐learning heuristics (e.g., mutual exclusivity). In a preregistered study, we tested the hypothesis that bilingual experience would lead t...
Source: Infancy - December 28, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Krista Byers ‐Heinlein,
Rachel Ka‐Ying Tsui,
Daan van Renswoude,
Alexis K. Black,
Rachel Barr,
Anna Brown,
Marc Colomer,
Samantha Durrant,
Anja Gampe,
Nayeli Gonzalez‐Gomez,
Jessica F. Hay,
Mikołaj Hernik,
Marianna Jartó,
Ágnes Melin Tags: PREREGISTERED REPORT Source Type: research
Issue Information
Infancy, Volume 26, Issue 1, Page 1-3, January 2021. (Source: Infancy)
Source: Infancy - December 28, 2020 Category: Child Development Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Looking represents choosing in toddlers: Exploring the equivalence between multimodal measures in forced ‐choice tasks
This study aimed to answer this question by investigating how accurately pointing responses (i.e., left or right) could be predicted from concurrent preferential looking. Using pre‐existing videos of toddlers aged 18–23 months engaged in an intermodal word comprehension task, we developed models predicting man ual from looking responses. Results showed substantial prediction accuracy for both the Simple Majority Vote and Machine Learning‐Based classifiers, which indicates that looking responses would be reasonable alternative measures of manual ones. However, the further exploratory analysis revealed th at when appl...
Source: Infancy - December 19, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Hiromichi Hagihara,
Naoto Ienaga,
Kei Terayama,
Yusuke Moriguchi,
Masa ‐aki Sakagami Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
A longitudinal study of the differential social ‐cognitive foundations of early prosocial behaviors
AbstractA growing body of work has documented the emergence of instrumental helping and sharing in the second year of life; however, less is known about mechanisms that underlie development and production of prosocial behavior. The current study took a longitudinal approach to explore whether the origins of prosocial behaviors can be traced back to foundational social ‐cognitive capacities emerging in infancy. In a sample of 90 children, longitudinal relations were examined between intention understanding and joint attention measured in infancy (8–12 months) and later instrumental helping and sharing behavior assessed...
Source: Infancy - December 17, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Wyntre Stout,
Erin Karahuta,
Deborah Laible,
Amanda C. Brandone Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Beyond talk: Contributions of quantity and quality of communication to language success across socioeconomic strata
AbstractInfants from low ‐socioeconomic status (SES) households hear a projected 30 million fewer words than their higher‐SES peers. In a recent study, Hirsh‐Pasek et al. (Psychological Science, 2015; 26: 1071) found that in a low ‐income sample,fluency and connectedness in exchanges between caregivers and toddlers predicted child language a year later over and above quantity of talk (Hirsh ‐Pasek et al.,Psychological Science, 2015; 26: 1071). Here, we expand upon this study by examiningfluency and connectedness in two higher ‐SES samples. Using data from the NICHD Study of Early Child Care and Youth Developmen...
Source: Infancy - December 11, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Lillian R. Masek,
Sarah J. Paterson,
Roberta Michnick Golinkoff,
Roger Bakeman,
Lauren B. Adamson,
Margaret Tresch Owen,
Amy Pace,
Kathy Hirsh ‐Pasek Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
The development of gaze following in monolingual and bilingual infants: A multi ‐laboratory study
AbstractDetermining the meanings of words requires language learners to attend to what other people say. However, it behooves a young language learner to simultaneously encode relevant non ‐verbal cues, for example, by following the direction of their eye gaze. Sensitivity to cues such as eye gaze might be particularly important for bilingual infants, as they encounter less consistency between words and objects than monolingual infants, and do not always have access to the same word ‐learning heuristics (e.g., mutual exclusivity). In a preregistered study, we tested the hypothesis that bilingual experience would lead t...
Source: Infancy - December 11, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Krista Byers ‐Heinlein,
Rachel Ka‐Ying Tsui,
Daan van Renswoude,
Alexis K. Black,
Rachel Barr,
Anna Brown,
Marc Colomer,
Samantha Durrant,
Anja Gampe,
Nayeli Gonzalez‐Gomez,
Jessica F. Hay,
Mikołaj Hernik,
Marianna Jartó,
Ágnes Melin Tags: PREREGISTERED REPORT Source Type: research
Infants born full term and preterm increase the height of anti ‐gravity leg movements during a kick‐activated mobile task using a scaffolded task environment
AbstractPrior research supports that infants born very preterm (PT), compared with full term (FT), have early differences in rate of learning and motor control that may hinder their ability to learn challenging motor tasks. Four ‐month‐old infants born FT (n = 18) and PT (n = 18) participated in an infant kick‐activated mobile task that was scaffolded to motivate progressively higher kicks. We found the FT group learned the association between their leg movements and mobile activation on the second day, but the PT group learned the association on the third day. Bo th groups of infants increased the height of th...
Source: Infancy - December 10, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Jeong Ah Kim,
Linda Fetters,
Masayoshi Kubo,
Sandrah P. Eckel,
Barbara Sargent Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Multimodal representational gestures in the transition to multi ‐word productions
AbstractThe aim of this study was to analyze the use of representational gestures from a multimodal point of view in the transition from one ‐word to multi‐word constructions. Twenty‐one Spanish‐speaking children were observed longitudinally at 18, 21, 24, and 30 months of age. We analyzed the production of deictic, symbolic, and conventional gestures and their coordination with different verbal elements. Moreover, we explored t he relationship between gestural multimodal and unimodal productions and independent measures of language development. Results showed that gesture production remains stable in the period s...
Source: Infancy - November 23, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Eva Murillo,
Marta Casla Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Cognitive function in toddlers with congenital heart disease: The impact of a stimulating home environment
AbstractInfants born with congenital heart disease (CHD) are at increased risk of neurodevelopmental difficulties in childhood. The extent to which perioperative factors, cardiac physiology, brain injury severity, socioeconomic status, and home environment influence early neurodevelopment is not clear. Sixty ‐nine newborns with CHD were recruited from St Thomas’ Hospital. Infants underwent presurgical magnetic resonance imaging on a 3‐Tesla scanner situated on the neonatal unit. At 22 months, children completed the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development‐3rd edition and parents complete d the cognitively s...
Source: Infancy - November 19, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Alexandra F. Bonthrone,
Andrew Chew,
Christopher J. Kelly,
Leeza Almedom,
John Simpson,
Suresh Victor,
A. David Edwards,
Mary A. Rutherford,
Chiara Nosarti,
Serena J. Counsell Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Infants distinguish and represent pattern as an object feature from externally generated patterns superimposed on real, 3 ‐dimensional objects' surfaces
AbstractAs infants form object representations, the patterns viewed on objects' surfaces may be challenging to decipher because these patterns may be created from the surface reflectance of an object (an object property) or from an external source, such as a cast shadow. We tested 7 ½‐month‐old infants' use of cues that specify the source of patterns seen on the surfaces of real, 3‐dimensional objects to individuate those objects. Results suggest that when forming object representations based on patterns, 7½‐month‐olds rely heavily on temporal and depth cues to dist inguish patterns inherent to the object from ...
Source: Infancy - November 12, 2020 Category: Child Development Authors: Rebecca J. Woods,
Kristin M. Johnson,
Ellen Honsa,
Savanna Westrom,
Shea M. Lammers Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
