A meta ‐analysis of infants’ word‐form recognition
AbstractRecognizing word forms is an important step on infants ’ way toward mastering their native language. The present study takes a meta‐analytic approach to assess overarching questions on the literature of early word‐form recognition. Specifically, we investigated the extent to which there is cross‐linguistic evidence for an early recognition lexic on, and how it may be influenced by infant age, language background, and familiarity of the selected stimuli (approximated by parent‐reported word knowledge). Our meta‐analysis—with open data access on metalab.stanford.edu—was based on 32 experiments in 16 d...
Source: Infancy - February 23, 2021 Category: Child Development Authors: Maria Julia Carbajal,
Sharon Peperkamp,
Sho Tsuji Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Maternal dynamic respiratory sinus arrhythmia during toddlers ’ interactions with novelty
AbstractMaternal psychophysiological responses to toddlers ’ distress to novelty may have important implications for parenting during early childhood that are relevant to children's eventual development of social withdrawal and anxiety. Likely, these responses depend on intrapersonal, interpersonal, and contextual factors. The current study investigated t he time course of respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA) across two laboratory novelty episodes, one low threat and one moderate threat, in 120 mothers of 2‐year‐old toddlers. Growth models tested context differences in and correlates of dynamic patterns of RSA. Dynamic...
Source: Infancy - February 16, 2021 Category: Child Development Authors: Elizabeth J. Kiel,
Randi A. Phelps,
Rebecca J. Brooker Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Issue Information
(Source: Infancy)
Source: Infancy - February 12, 2021 Category: Child Development Tags: ISSUE INFORMATION Source Type: research
Does surprise enhance infant memory? Assessing the impact of the encoding context on subsequent object recognition
AbstractA discrepancy between what was predicted and what is observed has been linked to increased looking times, changes in brain electrical activity, and increased pupil dilation in infants. These processes associated with heightened attention and readiness to learn might enhance the encoding and memory consolidation of the surprising object, as suggested by both the infant and the adult literature. We therefore investigated whether the presence of surprise during the encoding context enhances subsequent encoding and recognition memory processes for the items that violated infants' expectations. Seventeen ‐month‐olds...
Source: Infancy - February 12, 2021 Category: Child Development Authors: Viktoria Csink,
Denis Mareschal,
Teodora Gliga Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
A longitudinal study of the differential social ‐cognitive foundations of early prosocial behaviors
AbstractA growing body of work has documented the emergence of instrumental helping and sharing in the second year of life; however, less is known about mechanisms that underlie development and production of prosocial behavior. The current study took a longitudinal approach to explore whether the origins of prosocial behaviors can be traced back to foundational social ‐cognitive capacities emerging in infancy. In a sample of 90 children, longitudinal relations were examined between intention understanding and joint attention measured in infancy (8–12 months) and later instrumental helping and sharing behavior assessed...
Source: Infancy - February 12, 2021 Category: Child Development Authors: Wyntre Stout,
Erin Karahuta,
Deborah Laible,
Amanda C. Brandone Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Probing infants ’ sensitivity to pupil size when viewing eyes
AbstractSensitive responding to eye cues plays a key role in human social interactions. Pupil size provides subtle cues regarding a social interaction partner's arousal states. The current study assessed infants ’ sensitivity to and preference for differences in pupil size. Specifically, we examined White 14‐month‐old infants’ pupillary responses when viewing own‐race and other‐race (Asian) eyes with dilating, constricting, and static medium‐sized pupils. Our results show that, independent of race, infants’ pupils dilated more when viewing eyes with dynamically changing (dilating and constricting) pupils th...
Source: Infancy - February 12, 2021 Category: Child Development Authors: Katherine T. Haynes,
Caroline M. Kelsey,
Tobias Grossmann Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Sing for me, Mama! Infants' discrimination of novel vowels in song
AbstractWhen adults speak or sing with infants, they sound differently than in adult communication. Infant ‐directed (ID) communication helps caregivers to regulate infants' emotions and helps infants to process speech information, at least from ID‐speech. However, it is largely unclear whether infants might also process speech information presented in ID ‐singing. Therefore, we examined whether infants discriminate vowels in ID ‐singing, as well as potential differences with ID‐speech. Using an alternating trial preference procedure, infants aged 4–6 and 8–10 months were tested on their discrimination of an...
Source: Infancy - February 12, 2021 Category: Child Development Authors: Simone Falk,
Mirco Fasolo,
Giuliana Genovese,
Leonor Romero ‐Lauro,
Fabia Franco Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Mismatched response predicts behavioral speech discrimination outcomes in infants with hearing loss and normal hearing
AbstractChildren with hearing loss (HL) remain at risk for poorer language abilities than normal hearing (NH) children despite targeted interventions; reasons for these differences remain unclear. In NH children,research suggests speech discrimination is related to language outcomes, yet we know little about it in children with HL under the age of 2 years. We utilized a vowel contrast, /a‐i/, and a consonant‐vowel contrast, /ba‐da/, to examine speech discrimination in 47 NH infants and 40 infants with HL. At Mean age =3 months, EEG recorded from 11 scalp electrodes was used to compute the time‐frequency mismatc...
Source: Infancy - February 12, 2021 Category: Child Development Authors: Kristin Uhler,
Sharon Hunter,
Phillip M. Gilley Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Further evidence for the multidimensional nature of maternal sensitivity: differential links with child socioemotional functioning at preschool age
This report investigated the predictive value of three dimensions of sensitivity during mother –infant interactions in an effort to gain greater understanding of how specific facets of sensitivity relate to child socioemotional outcomes. Maternal cooperation/attunement (accurate interpretation of infant cues and capacity to adjust the interaction correspondingly), positivity (positive attit ude toward the infant), and accessibility/availability (consistent attentiveness) were assessed observationally in 195 mothers of 1‐year‐old infants. Child socioemotional functioning was assessed using behavioral tasks and materna...
Source: Infancy - February 12, 2021 Category: Child Development Authors: Annie Bernier,
George M. Tarabulsy,
Chantal Cyr,
C élia Matte‐Gagné Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research
Infants ’ learning of non‐adjacent regularities from visual sequences
AbstractTracking adjacent (AD) and non ‐adjacent (NAD) dependencies in a sequence of elements is critical for the development of many complex abilities, such as language acquisition and social interaction. While learning of AD in infancy is a domain‐general ability that is functioning across different domains, infants’ processing o f NAD has been reported only for speech sequences. Here, we tested 9‐ to 12‐ and 13‐ to 15‐month‐olds’ ability to extract AxB grammars in visual sequences of unfamiliar elements. Infants were habituated to a series of 3‐visual arrays following an AxB grammar in which the firs...
Source: Infancy - February 12, 2021 Category: Child Development Authors: Roberta Bettoni,
Hermann Bulf,
Shannon Brady,
Scott P. Johnson Tags: BRIEF REPORT Source Type: research
Attachment and joint attention in infants: The role of expectation
AbstractPrevious research highlighted the correlation between parent –infant's attachment quality and joint attention skills. However, the underlying mechanisms of this relationship are still unclear. The aim of this study was to assess whether it is by mediating the expectation component in Internal Working Models that the quality of attachment style can affect jo int attention. At first, 12‐ to 20‐month‐old infants were classified into secure and insecure groups using the Strange Situation Procedure. On a following day, using a violation‐of‐expectation paradigm, infants were habituated to two joint attention ...
Source: Infancy - February 12, 2021 Category: Child Development Authors: Neda Mohammadzade Naghashan,
M.Ali Mazaheri,
Erik Gustafsson,
Vahid Sadeghi ‐Firoozabadi,
Abbas Zabihzadeh Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Infants ’ abilities to respond to cues for joint attention vary by family socioeconomic status
AbstractThe influence of socioeconomic variability on language and cognitive development is present from toddlerhood to adolescence and calls for investigating its earliest manifestation. Response to joint attention (RJA) abilities constitute a foundational developmental milestone that are associated with future language, cognitive, and social skills. How aspects of the family home environment shape RJA skills is relatively unknown. We investigated associations between family socioeconomic status (SES) —both parent education and family percentage of the federal poverty level (FPL)— parent depressive and anxiety symptom...
Source: Infancy - February 12, 2021 Category: Child Development Authors: Emily B. Reilly,
Isabella C. Stallworthy,
Shanna B. Mliner,
Michael F. Troy,
Jed T. Elison,
Megan R. Gunnar Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
