Impact of social determinants of health on cardiovascular disease prevention
This article reviews how SDOH affect CVD risk and the role they play in CVD prevention.
Recent findings
The 2019 American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (AHA) guideline on the primary prevention of CVD recommends that clinicians evaluate SDOH on an individual basis to inform treatment decisions for CVD prevention efforts. Recent evidence shows that low socioeconomic status, adverse childhood experiences, less social support, reduced health literacy, and limited healthcare access are associated with higher CVD risk and poorer health outcomes. A 2020 AHA statement emphasized the role of structural ra...
Source: Current Opinion in Cardiology - August 12, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: PREVENTION: Edited by Ron Blankstein Source Type: research
Epidemiology and risk factors for stroke in young individuals: implications for prevention
Purpose of review
Summarize and examine the epidemiology, etiologies, risk factors, and treatment of stroke among young adults and highlight the importance of early recognition, treatment, and primordial prevention of risk factors that lead to stroke.
Recent findings
Incidence of stroke, predominantly ischemic, among young adults has increased over the past two decades. This parallels an increase in traditional risk factors such as hypertension, diabetes, and use of tobacco, and use of illicit substances among young stroke patients. Compared to older patients, there is a much higher proportion of intracerebral a...
Source: Current Opinion in Cardiology - August 12, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: PREVENTION: Edited by Ron Blankstein Source Type: research
Cardiac rehabilitation for coronary artery disease: latest updates
Purpose of review
To summarize recent innovations in cardiac rehabilitation and provide a view towards the future of cardiac rehabilitation as it adjusts to the pressures of a global pandemic.
Recent findings
Although cardiac rehabilitation has been shown to result in a mortality benefit, research continues to enumerate the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation to patient function and quality of life in a growing range of cardiovascular diseases. In addition, new methodologies and new models of cardiac rehabilitation have emerged with the goal of increasing patient referral and participation.
Summary
Cardiac...
Source: Current Opinion in Cardiology - August 12, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: PREVENTION: Edited by Ron Blankstein Source Type: research
Cardiovascular disease prevention in individuals with underlying chronic inflammatory disease
This article reviews the current evidence of cardiovascular prevention in three common systemic inflammatory disorders (SIDs): psoriasis, rheumatoid arthritis, and systemic lupus erythematosus.
Recent findings
General population cardiovascular risk assessment tools currently underestimate cardiovascular risk and disease-specific risk assessment tools are an area of active investigation. A disease-specific cardiovascular risk estimator has not been shown to more accurately predict risk compared with the current guidelines. Rheumatoid arthritis-specific risk estimators have been shown to better predict cardiovascular ...
Source: Current Opinion in Cardiology - August 12, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: PREVENTION: Edited by Ron Blankstein Source Type: research
The current landscape of lipoprotein(a) in calcific aortic valvular disease
Purpose of review
Calcific aortic stenosis (CAVS) is the most common form of valvular heart disease in developed countries, increasing in prevalence with the aging population. Surgical or transcatheter aortic valve replacement is the only treatment available for CAVS. However, these interventions are typically reserved for severe symptomatic aortic stenosis (AS). The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent literature in uncovering the underlying pathophysiology of CAVS in the setting of lipoprotein (a) [Lp(a)] and emerging therapies targeting Lp(a) which may help halt disease progression in CAVS.
Recent fi...
Source: Current Opinion in Cardiology - August 12, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: PREVENTION: Edited by Ron Blankstein Source Type: research
Surgical treatment of severe tricuspid regurgitation
Purpose of review
Severe tricuspid regurgitation is associated with both significant symptoms as well as decreased survival. Surgical correction is possible in most cases but is markedly under used in this population. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the indications for treating severe tricuspid regurgitation and the surgical options available.
Recent findings
Surgical correction of isolated severe tricuspid regurgitation has been associated with a high mortality in the surgical literature. This occurs generally from right heart failure associated with the late referral of isolated tricuspid regurgita...
Source: Current Opinion in Cardiology - August 12, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: IMAGING AND THE TRICUSPID VALVE: Edited by Sherif Nagueh Source Type: research
Transcatheter treatment of severe tricuspid regurgitation
Purpose of review
Severe tricuspid regurgitation is a commonly prevalent valvular heart disease that is an independent adverse prognostic marker. However, the majority of patients with tricuspid regurgitation are managed medically; isolated tricuspid valve surgery is rarely performed, partly owing to high associated in-hospital mortality. Therefore, several transcatheter tricuspid valve interventions (TTVIs) that have been developed over the last few years to address this unmet clinical need.
Recent findings
The early experience with TTVI has shown that most devices can be safely implanted with excellent rates o...
Source: Current Opinion in Cardiology - August 12, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: IMAGING AND THE TRICUSPID VALVE: Edited by Sherif Nagueh Source Type: research
Multimodality cardiac imaging and new display options to broaden our understanding of the tricuspid valve
Purpose of review
The prognostic impact of tricuspid regurgitation (TR) and the subsequent development of percutaneous procedures targeting the tricuspid valve (TV), has brought to the forefront the role of imaging for the assessment of the forgotten valve. As illustrated in several studies and summarized in this review, currently a multimodality imaging approach is required to understand the pathophysiology of TR, due to the complex TV anatomy and the close relationship between the severity of TR and the extent of the remodeling of the right heart chambers.
Recent findings
Recently, the advance in the tranhscat...
Source: Current Opinion in Cardiology - August 12, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: IMAGING AND THE TRICUSPID VALVE: Edited by Sherif Nagueh Source Type: research
Assessment of the tricuspid valve using cardiovascular magnetic resonance
Purpose of review
The rapid search for suitable tricuspid transcatheter devices has ignited renewed enthusiasm in accurate characterization of tricuspid valve disease. Cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR), traditionally used as the gold standard in assessment for right ventricular size and function, has recently seen its use expanded to assess both the structure and function of the tricuspid apparatus. This review will highlight the role of CMR in tricuspid valve disease and compare it with other commonly used imaging modalities.
Recent findings
Dynamic anatomical assessment of the tricuspid apparatus, in com...
Source: Current Opinion in Cardiology - August 12, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: IMAGING AND THE TRICUSPID VALVE: Edited by Sherif Nagueh Source Type: research
Patient-specific preprocedural planning for tricuspid valve repair and replacement procedures
Purpose of review
Despite the prevalence of tricuspid valve regurgitation disorders, isolated interventions on tricuspid valves were previously infrequent due to high mortality rates and lack of advanced clinical imaging technology. Due to advancements in cardiovascular imaging and interventional technologies tricuspid valve repairs and replacement interventions became increasingly more attainable.
Recent findings
Noninvasive clinical imaging of the tricuspid valve can be challenging, providing anincomplete assessment of unique tricuspid anatomy. 3D printing technology represents an additional tool for more comp...
Source: Current Opinion in Cardiology - August 12, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: IMAGING AND THE TRICUSPID VALVE: Edited by Sherif Nagueh Source Type: research
Editorial introductions
No abstract available (Source: Current Opinion in Cardiology)
Source: Current Opinion in Cardiology - August 12, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: EDITORIAL INTRODUCTIONS Source Type: research
Statin intolerance: new data and further options for treatment
Purpose of review
Hypercholesterolemia is a major risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Administration of statins represents the cornerstone of the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, with demonstrated long-term safety and efficacy. This review aims to revisit statin intolerance mechanisms, as well as to discuss new data and therapeutic options.
Recent findings
Although statins are well tolerated, myopathy and other adverse effects are a challenging problem, being the main reason for poor adherence to treatment and failure in lowering cardiovascular risk. Statin intolerance is the subject of o...
Source: Current Opinion in Cardiology - June 10, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: LIPIDS AND EMERGING RISK FACTORS: Edited by Dimitri P. Mikhailidis and Anthony S. Wierzbicki Source Type: research
Update on cardiovascular risk in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Purpose of review
To summarize recent evidence demonstrating increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, and how CVD risk may be reduced, in patients with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
Recent findings
NAFLD is a multisystem disease, defined by a spectrum of liver fat-associated conditions extending from simple steatosis, to inflammation, fibrosis and cirrhosis. NAFLD not only increases the risk of liver morbidity and mortality but also increases the risk of CVD morbidity and mortality and is associated with recognized CVD risk factors such as hypertension, atherogenic dyslipidaemia, type 2 diabetes ...
Source: Current Opinion in Cardiology - June 10, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: LIPIDS AND EMERGING RISK FACTORS: Edited by Dimitri P. Mikhailidis and Anthony S. Wierzbicki Source Type: research
Triglycerides and cardiovascular disease
Purpose of review
Triglycerides (TGs) are measured as part of routine lipid profiles but their relationship to cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk has been controversial and overshadowed by high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C).
Recent findings
Epidemiological studies show a clear relationship of TG-containing lipoproteins including remnant particles with CVD risk with the effect being most clearly demonstrated through the excess risk captured by non-HDL-C compared with low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C). Mendelian randomisation studies show a consistent relationship of gene variants linked to TG m...
Source: Current Opinion in Cardiology - June 10, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: LIPIDS AND EMERGING RISK FACTORS: Edited by Dimitri P. Mikhailidis and Anthony S. Wierzbicki Source Type: research
Endocan: a new marker of endothelial function
Purpose of review
To consider the role of endocan as an inflammatory marker in cardiovascular diseases.
Recent findings
Endocan, an endothelial inflammatory marker, is associated with cardiovascular disease.
Summary
Vascular endothelial inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory and cardiovascular diseases by influencing thrombogenesis, tumour invasion and secretion of bioactive mediators. We discuss the role of endocan mainly in the context of cardiology. (Source: Current Opinion in Cardiology)
Source: Current Opinion in Cardiology - June 10, 2021 Category: Cardiology Tags: LIPIDS AND EMERGING RISK FACTORS: Edited by Dimitri P. Mikhailidis and Anthony S. Wierzbicki Source Type: research
