Review of Infectious Disease Prophylaxis in Solid Organ Transplantation
This article presents a review of risk factors for and prevalence of common infectious pathogens, as well as important considerations regarding prophylactic medications in solid organ transplant recipients. (Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly)
Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly - August 25, 2017 Category: Nursing Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Novel Psychoactive Substances and Trends of Abuse
The purpose of this paper is to review the most common and quickest growing classes of novel, or new, psychoactive substances. Abuse of novel psychoactive substances continues to increase, resulting in subsequent increases in hospitalizations. Furthermore, the chemical structures are ever-changing and substances are increasing in potency. Reviewing the chemistry behind these agents will facilitate a better understanding of the toxicity associated with them and allow for successful identification of and management in the critical care unit. Being familiar with the most common psychoactive substances and trends of abuse, as ...
Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly - August 25, 2017 Category: Nursing Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Diuretic Resistance in Acute Decompensated Heart Failure: A Challenging Clinical Conundrum
Most patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) present with signs and symptoms of volume overload, and those with a significant history of diuretic exposure may demonstrate varying degrees of diuretic resistance. Although this phenomenon is commonly reported, no consensus definition exists and recommendations regarding an optimal therapeutic approach remain limited. Optimizing the use of intravenous (IV) loop diuretic therapy is the most common initial approach, and therapy may be augmented by the addition of a thiazide-type diuretic or an IV vasodilator. Patients whose resistance to diuretic therapy is due to...
Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly - August 25, 2017 Category: Nursing Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Oral Agents for the Management of Agitation and Agitated Delirium in Critically Ill Patients
Agitation is one of the most common issues that critically ill patients experience. Medications used to manage agitation are often administered intravenously or intramuscularly in the acutely agitated, critically ill patient. However, a multimodal approach that utilizes multiple routes of administration may be appropriate. This review summarizes the available literature on oral antipsychotics, clonidine, and valproic acid to manage agitation in critically ill patients while also focusing on their pharmacology and appropriate monitoring. Despite inconclusive findings from different studies, antipsychotics, clonidine, and va...
Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly - August 25, 2017 Category: Nursing Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Review of Continuous Infusion Neuromuscular Blocking Agents in the Adult Intensive Care Unit
This article provides clinicians with information regarding pharmacologic differences, indication for use, adverse effects, recommended doses, ancillary care, and monitoring among agents used for continuous neuromuscular blockade. (Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly)
Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly - August 25, 2017 Category: Nursing Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Choice of Fluids for Resuscitation of the Critically Ill: What Nurses Need to Know
This article reviews properties, adverse effects, and monitoring of commonly used colloid and crystalloid fluids, providing information that may aid in fluid selection in the intensive care unit. (Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly)
Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly - August 25, 2017 Category: Nursing Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Foreword
No abstract available (Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly)
Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly - August 25, 2017 Category: Nursing Tags: Foreword Source Type: research
Controversies in Venous Thromboembolism
Numerous controversies exist in the diagnosis of venous thromboembolism despite all the guidelines that are currently available. Screening of malignancy in venous thromboembolism has been a debated issue, as it has not been shown to change mortality. Calf vein thrombosis is also a controversial topic, but evidence points to risk stratifying those patients. Overdiagnosis, most notably from the finding of subsegmental pulmonary embolism, ultimately requires evaluating the risk and benefit for each patient. In addition, treatment of upper extremity deep vein thrombosis is a challenging scenario that is quite common in clinica...
Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly - May 31, 2017 Category: Nursing Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Prognosis and Monitoring of VTE
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) can present in a variety of different clinical settings and in a diverse, comorbid patient population, both of which will guide the clinician toward the appropriate therapeutic response. Patients who present with pulmonary embolism are at risk for hemodynamic instability, recurrence of VTE, cardiac comorbidities, and increased risk of overall mortality. Prognostication models have been clinically validated for risk stratification and prediction of mortality. Similar to pulmonary embolism, patients with deep vein thrombosis carry a higher risk of VTE recurrence and cardiac comorbidities. Consequ...
Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly - May 31, 2017 Category: Nursing Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Special Circumstances and Populations
This article will cover those specialty populations including cancer, pregnancy, and athletes. (Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly)
Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly - May 31, 2017 Category: Nursing Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Consequences of Venous Thromboembolism, Including Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension
Venous thromboembolism includes both deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. They pose a significant risk for morbidity and mortality. In an appropriate clinical setting, invasive interventions, including administration of thrombolytics, anticoagulation, and placement of vena cava filter, are warranted. Bleeding, postthrombotic syndrome, recurrence, and filter-associated complications are few of the complications of this disease. More recently, chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension has gained clinical interest in patients with pulmonary embolism and has warranted close follow-up. (Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly)
Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly - May 31, 2017 Category: Nursing Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Advanced Therapies in Venous Thromboembolism
Advanced therapies are available for both deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism when anticoagulation alone is not sufficient to improve clinical outcomes. In some cases, clinical deterioration ensues despite anticoagulation, and this requires unique techniques that can ameliorate the clinical course. Such advancements are described in this upcoming article. (Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly)
Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly - May 31, 2017 Category: Nursing Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Venous Thromboembolism and Pulmonary Embolism Response Teams: An Overview
Venous thromboembolism is a common disease with a wide array of signs and symptoms. It has been cited as the third leading cause of cardiovascular death, and if left untreated, it leads to death in 1 in 4 patients. Sophisticated diagnostic tools have allowed physician to become more accurate in diagnosing pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis. The advent of new oral anticoagulants, the emergence of pulmonary embolism response teams, and protocols demonstrate recent achievements in the management of venous thromboembolism. The focus of this article is to discuss the treatment of venous thromboembolism. (Source: Critic...
Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly - May 31, 2017 Category: Nursing Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Deep Venous Thrombosis of the Upper and Lower Extremity
Upper and lower extremity deep venous thrombosis (DVT) is defined as a blood clot within the deep veins of the affected extremities. These blood clots can either occur spontaneously or be associated with specific risk factors. Regardless of the cause, DVT is associated with significant morbidity and mortality and has the potential for lethal complications. The most notable complication is the potential for development of pulmonary embolism from a lower extremity DVT. As studies have reported, more than 90% of acute pulmonary emboli arise from the proximal veins. Venous thromboembolism is also associated with a significant ...
Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly - May 31, 2017 Category: Nursing Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
Prophylaxis for Venous Thromboembolism
This article will review the indications, scoring systems, common prophylactic methods, and special populations at increased risks for venous thromboembolisms. (Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly)
Source: Critical Care Nursing Quarterly - May 31, 2017 Category: Nursing Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research
