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Neuronal Control of Posture in Blind Individuals
Brain Topogr. 2024 Mar 15. doi: 10.1007/s10548-024-01041-7. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe control of posture is guided by the integration of sensory information. Because blind individuals cannot apply visual information to control posture as sighted individuals do they must compensate by the remaining senses. We therefore hypothesize that blind individuals alter their brain activation in the sensorimotor cortex during postural control to compensate for balance control without vision by the increased integration of somatosensory information. Ten blind and ten sighted (matched) individuals controlled posture during condi...
Source: Brain Topography - March 16, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: I Helmich R Gemmerich Source Type: research

Characterization of Second-Order Mixing Effects in Reconstructed Cross-Spectra of Random Neural Fields
In this study we relate first- and second-order mixing effects on the cross-spectra of reconstructed source activity to the properties of the resolution operators that are used for the reconstruction. We derive two identities that relate first- and second-order mixing effects to the transformation properties of measurement and source configurations and exploit them to establish several basic properties of signal mixing. First, we provide a characterization of the configurations that are maximally and minimally sensitive to second-order mixing. It turns out that second-order mixing effects are maximal when the measurement l...
Source: Brain Topography - March 13, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Rikkert Hindriks Source Type: research

Long-term Effect of Multichannel tDCS Protocol in Patients with Central Cortex Epilepsies Associated with Epilepsia Partialis Continua
We report three EPC patients undergoing a long-term protocol of multichannel tDCS. The patients received several cycles (11, 9, and 3) of five consecutive days of stimulation at 2 mA for 2 × 20 min, targeting the epileptogenic zone (EZ), including the central motor cortex with cathodal electrodes. The primary measurement was SF changes. In three cases, EPC was due to Rasmussen's Encephalitis (case 1), focal cortical dysplasia (case 2), or remained unknown (case 3). tDCS cycles were administered over 6 to 22 months. The outcomes comprised a reduction of at least 75% in seizure frequency for two patients, and in one case, a...
Source: Brain Topography - March 6, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: M Daoud C Durelle A Fierain El Youssef N F Wendling G Ruffini P Benquet F Bartolomei Source Type: research

Context Modulates Perceived Fairness in Altruistic Punishment: Neural Signatures from ERPs and EEG Oscillations
In this study, we used event-related potential and time-frequency techniques to examine performance on a third-party punishment task and to explore the neural mechanisms underlying context-dependent differences in punishment decisions. The results indicated that individuals were more likely to reject unfairness in the context of loss (vs. gain) and to increase punishment as unfairness increased. In contrast, fairness appeared to cause an early increase in cognitive control signal enhancement, as indicated by the P2 amplitude and theta oscillations, and a later increase in emotional and motivational salience during decision...
Source: Brain Topography - March 6, 2024 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Lei Yang Yuan Gao Lihong Ao He Wang Shuhang Zhou Yingjie Liu Source Type: research