Ultrasonographic patterns of different regions of uterus according to pregnancy in cows and heifers
This study aimed to detect pregnancy within the first 20 days after artificial insemination by evaluating the ultrasonographic patterns of the different regions of uterus in Holstein heifers and cows. Animals were divided into subgroups according to pregnancy on 28th day as pregnant (heifer,n: 15; cow,n: 15) and non-pregnant (heifer,n: 15; cow,n: 15). Images were taken from the ovulation-side cornu uteri (OSC), non-ovulation-side cornu uteri (NOSC), and the corpus uteri (CU) on alternate days from D0 to D20. The images were evaluated by ImageJ software in terms of mean gray value (MGV), homogeneity (HOM), and contrast (...
Source: Animal Science Journal - December 7, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Kemal Tuna Ol ğaç,
Murat Onur Yazlik,
Ufuk Kaya,
Mehmet Borga Tirpan Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Qualitative and quantitative analyses in sulfated glycosaminoglycans, chondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate, during 3 T3‐L1 adipocytes differentiation
AbstractChondroitin sulfate/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) is a member of glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) found in animal tissues. Major CS/DS subclasses, O, A, C, D, and E units, exist based on the sulfation pattern ind-glucuronic acid (GlcA) andN-acetyl-d-galactosamine repeating units. DS is formed when GlcA is epimerized intol-iduronic acid. Our study aimed to analyze the CS/DS profile in 3 T3-L1 cells before and after adipogenic induction. CS/DS contents, molecular weight (Mw), and sulfation pattern were analyzed by using high-performance liquid chromatography. CS/DS synthesis- and sulfotransferase-related genes were analyzed b...
Source: Animal Science Journal - December 7, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Danang Dwi Cahyadi,
Katsuhiko Warita,
Naoko Takeda ‐Okuda,
Jun‐ichi Tamura,
Yoshinao Z. Hosaka Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Relation between postpartum calf ‐licking behavior and agonistic behavior against handlers by primiparous beef cows
AbstractMaternal protective behavior in cattle husbandry settings is typically manifested as agonistic behavior against farm staff handling the calves. Investigating factors related to agonistic behavior of cows is important. Agonistic behaviors of 30 primiparous cows against farm staff handling their calves during the immediate postpartum period were observed using continuous recording. Relations between this agonistic behavior and calf-licking behavior were also analyzed for 2 h postpartum. Agonistic behavior was exhibited by 11 cows: 10 first displayed it during the first hour postpartum, whereas one displayed it duri...
Source: Animal Science Journal - November 30, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Shiho Yamada,
Shigeru Ninomiya Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Dietary puerarin supplementation improves immune function in the small intestines of oxidized oil ‐challenged broilers
AbstractPuerarin has possessed a wide range of pharmacological activities. However, little is known about the protective effects of puerarin on the oxidized oil-induced injury. Here, we describe the anti-inflammatory effects of puerarin in chickens. A total of 360 broilers were arranged in four treatments. Diets included two types of soybean oil (fresh or oxidized) and two levels of puerarin (0 or 750 mg/kg). Results showed that puerarin alleviated oxidized soybean oil-induced intestinal immune injury by decreasing the expressions ofHSP and pro-inflammatory factor (P < 0.05) and enhancing the mRNA levels of anti...
Source: Animal Science Journal - November 30, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Hua Zhou,
Yingmei Yu,
Xuan Shi,
Tiande Zou,
Lei Yang,
Jingxin OuYang,
Yinhao Bian,
Yichun Liu,
Guanhong Li Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Effects of alpha lipoic acid treatment during in vitro maturation on the development of porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer embryos
AbstractOxidative stress influences the embryo production efficiency in vitro. We investigated the effects of alpha lipoic acid (ALA) treatment during the in vitro maturation (IVM) period on the porcine somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) embryo production. After IVM, maturation rates of the 12.5- and 25- μM ALA-treated groups were not significantly different from those of the 0-μM ALA-treated group. Compared to those in the 0-μM ALA-treated group, the reactive oxygen species and glutathione levels were significantly decreased and increased, respectively, in the cytoplasm of matured oocytes in the 12.5–50-μM ALA-tre...
Source: Animal Science Journal - November 30, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Takehiro Himaki,
Kazuki Hano Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
The effects of replacing wheat and soyabean meal with duckweed (Lemna minor) and including enzymes in the diet of laying hens on the yield and quality of eggs, biochemical parameters, and their antioxidant status
AbstractDuckweed is a rapidly growing aquatic plant, which could be used in the diet of laying hens to enhance carbon capture and improve land use efficiency. Digestion may be improved by supplementation with exogenous enzymes. We replaced soyabean meal and wheat with duckweed in a 10-week study with 432, 60-week-old Hy-Line W-36 layers, divided into six isocaloric and isonitrogenous dietary treatments, each with eight replicates. Two factors were investigated: first, duckweed substituted for wheat gluten meal and soyabean meal at 0, 7.5 and 15% of the diet, and second, with and without a multi-enzyme supplement (500 mg...
Source: Animal Science Journal - November 29, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Payam Baghban ‐Kanani,
Marianna Oteri,
Babak Hosseintabar‐Ghasemabad,
Saba Azimi‐Youvalari,
Ambra Rita Di Rosa,
Biagina Chiofalo,
Alireza Seidavi,
Clive J. C. Phillips Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Effects of Italian ryegrass silage supplementation on feed intake and behavior of pregnant sows
This study aimed to assess the behavior and stress status of pregnant sows following supplementation with Italian ryegrass silage (IRS) and the impact of feeding the IRS on feeding costs. Six sows with an initial body weight (BW) of 238.6 ± 5.9 kg were allotted to a 6 × 3 Latin square design with a 5-day acclimatization period followed by a 5-day data collection period. A commercial diet was replaced by IRS on a dry matter (DM) basis up to 0%, 9%, and 13% in the control treatment and the two test treatments, respectively . Apart from collecting data on daily feed intake and BW, urine was collected, and video f...
Source: Animal Science Journal - November 21, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Andrew L. Makalani,
Tomoyuki Kawashima,
Yasuyuki Ishii,
Toshihiro Takahashi Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Genome ‐wide search reveals the uniqueness of DNA regions associated with coat color and innate immunity in Hokkaido Native Horse
AbstractHokkaido Native Horse (HKD) is a horse breed native to Hokkaido in Japan known for the traits such as coat color with no white spots and adaptability to the local cold climate. To examine whether those traits of HKD are conferred at the DNA level, we attempted to identify fixed DNA regions in HKD individuals, that is, the selection signatures of HKD. A comparison of genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism genotypes in 58 HKD individuals by principal component analysis, and cluster analysis between breeds, including HKD, and within the HKD individuals indicated the genetic independence of HKD as a breed. Tajima's...
Source: Animal Science Journal - November 20, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Tomoko Amano,
Haruhi Yokawa,
Yutaka Masuda,
Teruaki Tozaki,
Masahito Kawai,
Kouichi Shirai Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Effects of propylene glycol used at different doses in Akkaraman lambs rations on metabolism ‐related parameters and liver gene and protein expression during different feeding periods
This study aimed to investigate the metabolic effects of propylene glycol (PG) over 60, 90, and 120 days in lambs. Seventy-two weaned male lambs were allocated into three groups: control (Con), PG1.5 (1.5 mL/kg live weight0.75), and PG3 (3 mL/kg live weight0.75). Blood samples were collected at the beginning and slaughter days. Biochemical parameters (glucose, triglycerides, ALT, AST, LDH, BUN, and insulin) and gene and protein levels of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR γ), diacylglycerol o-acyltransferase 1 (DGAT1), carbohydrate responsive element binding protein (ChREBP), and sterol regulato...
Source: Animal Science Journal - November 15, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Ak ın Yakan,
Hüseyin Özkan,
Ufuk Kaya,
Hasan Hüseyin Keçeli,
Sevda Dalkiran,
Irem Karaaslan,
Necmettin Ünal,
Aytaç Akçay,
Korhan Arslan,
Bilal Akyüz,
Güven Güngör,
Baran Çamdeviren,
Mehmet Küçükoflaz,
Savaş Sariözkan,
Ceyha Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Application of linear and machine learning models to genomic prediction of fatty acid composition in Japanese Black cattle
AbstractWe collected 3180 records of oleic acid (C18:1) and monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) measured using gas chromatography (GC) and 6960 records of C18:1 and MUFA measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in intermuscular fat samples of Japanese Black cattle. We compared genomic prediction performance for four linear models (genomic best linear unbiased prediction [GBLUP], kinship-adjusted multiple loci [KAML], BayesC, and BayesLASSO) and five machine learning models (Gaussian kernel [GK], deep kernel [DK], random forest [RF], extreme gradient boost [XGB], and convolutional neural network [CNN]). For GC-based C...
Source: Animal Science Journal - November 2, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Motohide Nishio,
Keiichi Inoue,
Aisaku Arakawa,
Kasumi Ichinoseki,
Eiji Kobayashi,
Toshihiro Okamura,
Yo Fukuzawa,
Shinichiro Ogawa,
Masaaki Taniguchi,
Mika Oe,
Masayuki Takeda,
Takehiro Kamata,
Masaru Konno,
Michihiro Takagi,
Mario Sekiya, Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Causative alleles for chondrodysplastic dwarfism, factor XI deficiency, and factor XIII deficiency in the Kumamoto sub ‐breed of Japanese Brown cattle
AbstractJapanese Brown cattle are the second most popular Wagyu breed, and the Kumamoto sub-breed shows better daily gain and carcass weight. One of the breeding objectives for this sub-breed is to reduce genetic defects. Chondrodysplastic dwarfism and factor VIII deficiency have been identified as genetic diseases in the Kumamoto sub-breed. Previously, we detected individuals in the Kumamoto sub-breed with causative alleles of genetic diseases identified in Japanese Black cattle. In the current study, 11 mutations responsible for genetic diseases in the Wagyu breeds were analyzed to evaluate the risk of genetic diseases i...
Source: Animal Science Journal - November 1, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Hirokazu Matsumoto,
Satoshi Kimura,
Ryo Saito,
Makoto Takeichi,
Atsushi Kashimura,
Toshiaki Inenaga Tags: SHORT COMMUNICATION Source Type: research
Sunflower cake versus soybean meal and alfalfa for nitrogen utilization when crude protein and non ‐fiber carbohydrate levels are equivalent
AbstractThe reported efficiency of N usage by sunflower cake (SFC) was inferior to that of soybean meal (SBM) in a study in which the non-fiber carbohydrate (NFC) content was lower in the SFC diet. Here, we adjusted crude protein (CP) and NFC levels to near-equivalence among three diets containing SFC or SBM for four non-lactating Holstein cows. Alfalfa hay was also added to the comparison. The results demonstrated that the total digestible nutrient contents were not significantly different among the diets. Intake N, fecal N, absorbed N, urinary N, and retained N did not differ significantly among the diets. The efficiency...
Source: Animal Science Journal - October 28, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Chunyan Liu,
Sanae Asano,
Nae Ishii,
Takuma Kashimura,
Keita Niimi,
Takuya Nomizo,
Youichi Numata,
Kei Takahashi,
Hiroshi Kajikawa Tags: SHORT COMMUNICATION Source Type: research
Hormonal indexes as predictors of porcine reproductive traits
AbstractThe aim of the present study was to examine the applicability of several hormonal indexes for early prediction of puberty and reproductive state in pigs. For this purpose, we have compared the level of hormones leptin, estradiol, progesterone, and IGF-I in the blood of gilts at 150 days of age and their indexes of puberty and ovarian state at the age of 200 days. The association between blood leptin, estradiol, progesterone, and IGF-I and indexes of future reproductive state has been demonstrated. High blood concentrations of leptin and IGF-I levels were associated with r elatively low reproductive traits, whi...
Source: Animal Science Journal - October 13, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Alexander V. Sirotkin,
Juraj Pivko Tags: SHORT COMMUNICATION Source Type: research
Effect of rumen microbiota transfaunation on the growth, rumen fermentation, and microbial community of early separated Japanese Black cattle
This study aimed to investigate the effect of rumen microbiota transfaunation on the growth, rumen fermentation, and the microbial community of Japanese Black cattle that were separated early from their dams. Here, 24 calves were separated from their dams immediately after calving, 12 of which were transfaunated via inoculation with rumen fluid from adult cattle at the age of 2 months while the remaining 12 were kept unfaunated (not-inoculated). Feed efficiency monitoring was performed during 7–10 months of age. Body weight and feed intake were not significantly different between the transfaunated and unfaunated cat...
Source: Animal Science Journal - October 12, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Shuhei Takizawa,
Takumi Shinkai,
Kunihiko Saito,
Natsuko Fukumoto,
Yukari Arai,
Tomokazu Hirai,
Masaharu Maruyama,
Masayuki Takeda Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
Dietary supplementation with Clostridium butyricum and its ferment substance improves the egg quality and ovarian function in laying hens from 50 to 58 weeks of age
AbstractThe current study was conducted to explore the effects of dietaryClostridium butyricum (C. butyricum) and fermented calcium (Ca) butyrate produced byC. butyricum on the performance and egg quality of post-peak laying. A total of 384 50-week-old hens were fed a basal diet, the basal diet with 300 mg/kg of fermented Ca butyrate or 1 × 109 CFU/kgC. butyricum for 8 weeks. Hens received aC. butyricum exhibited higher yolk properties, albumen height, and Haugh unit. A diet with fermented Ca butyrate orC. butyricum increased the egg mass and the pre-grade yellow follicle number. RNA-sequencing (RN...
Source: Animal Science Journal - October 11, 2023 Category: Zoology Authors: Yongshuai Wang,
Yilu Wang,
Leilei Wang,
Bin Wei,
Xiangyun Lv,
Yanqun Huang,
Huaiyong Zhang,
Wen Chen Tags: RESEARCH ARTICLE Source Type: research
