Understanding the Role of Metalloproteinases and Their Inhibitors in Periodontology

AbstractPeriodontitis is a complex and inflammatory disorder characterized by elevated level of tissue-degrading enzymes leading to the destruction of periodontal tissue and ultimately causes loss of the tooth. Apart from standard therapeutic measures used to control periodontal infection and inflammation, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) control plays an important role in improving outcomes of periodontal therapy. In chronic periodontitis, levels of endogenous tissue inhibitor are not sufficient to inhibit the elevated MMPs, leading to increased pathogenesis of the periodontal disease. Literature evidence revealed adjunctive tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs) play a pivotal role in managing chronic periodontitis. Recently, a large number of products including collagen, peptidomimetics, non-peptidomimetics, tetracycline, chemically modified tetracycline, and bisphosphonates are being investigated as MMP inhibitors to improve outcomes in periodontal therapy. This review aims to analyze the role of MMPs in periodontitis and summarizes the therapeutic application of TIMPs that could help in selecting an appropriate adjunct to periodontal therapy for better outcomes.Graphic Abstract
Source: Clinical Reviews in Bone and Mineral Metabolism - Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: research