Sialadenitis of Unknown Etiology

AbstractPurpose of ReviewMost sialadenitis is attributed to infection, obstruction, or underlying autoimmunity; however, there are several rare processes affecting the salivary glands without clear etiology. We review the available literature, specifically addressing presentation, evaluation, and treatment.Recent findingsJuvenile recurrent parotitis is a typically self-limiting entity occurring in school-age children and may be benefitted by sialendoscopy. Sclerosing polycystic adenosis is a rare cystic disorder of major salivary glands, diagnosed, and treated through surgery. Inflammatory pseudotumor is thought to be an abnormal focal immune response, mimicking a neoplasm. Rosai-Dorfman and Kimura diseases are considered lymphoproliferative disorders, and amyloidosis is a rare protein deposition disorder; all of which can affect the salivary glands.SummaryUnusual clinical entities should be considered for atypical or persistent sialadenitis of unknown etiology. Work-up generally includes biopsy for histologic diagnosis. Treatment is typically supportive and/or related to treating associated systemic disease. Surgical excision is reserved to establish diagnosis, for severe/refractory cases, or when malignancy is suspected.
Source: Current Otorhinolaryngology Reports - Category: ENT & OMF Source Type: research