Sub-optimal household water access is associated with greater risk of intimate partner violence against women: evidence from Nepal.

Sub-optimal household water access is associated with greater risk of intimate partner violence against women: evidence from Nepal. J Water Health. 2020 Aug;18(4):579-594 Authors: Choudhary N, Brewis A, Wutich A, Udas PB Abstract Household water management is often women's responsibility, as related to the gendered nature of household roles. Ethnographic data suggest that household water insecurity could increase women's exposure to emotional and physical forms of intimate partner violence (IPV), as punishments for failures to complete socially expected household tasks that rely on water (like cooking and cleaning) and the generally elevated emotional state of household members dealing with resource scarcity. Here, we test the associations between sub-optimal household water access and women's exposure to IPV, using the nationally-representative data from Nepal Demographic and Health Survey, 2016. Drawing upon the intra-household bargaining model as the theoretical framework, we run instrumental variable probit regression, to test the association between household water access and prevalence of IPV against women. After controlling for other known covariates of IPV such as women's empowerment and education, the findings substantiate that worse household water access consistently elevates women's exposures to all forms of IPV. This suggests that improvements in household water access may have additional ramifications for reducing women...
Source: Journal of Water and Health - Category: Environmental Health Tags: J Water Health Source Type: research