In vivo and ex vivo actions of a novel P. gingivalis inhibitor on multi ‐species biofilm, inflammatory response and periodontal bone loss

SummaryChronic periodontitis is one of the most common infectious inflammatory diseases worldwide. Current therapeutic options for the disease are only partially and temporarily successful due to periodontal re ‐emergence of pathogens such asPorphyromonas gingivalis, a keystone bacterium in the oral microbial communities, which elicits a dysbiosis between the microbiota and the host. Previously, we reported a peptide inhibitor ofP. gingivalis (SAPP) that specifically targetsP. gingivalis and reduces its virulence potentialin vitro. Here, we show that SAPP can modulate the ability ofP. gingivalis to suppress the host innate immune system. Using a cytokine array analysis, we found that the levels of several cytokines including IL ‐6, IL‐8, and MCP‐1 in the culture media of human oral keratinocytes (HOKs) were significantly diminished in the presence ofP. gingivalis. Whereas the levels of these cytokines were restored, at least partially, in the culture media of HOKs by SAPP treatment. Furthermore, we also observed in anex ‐vivo assay that SAPP efficiently inhibited biofilm primed formation by mixed species oral bacteria, and significantly dampened the abnormally innate immune responses induced by these bacteria. We also demonstrated, using a mouse model, that SAPP could prevent alveolar bone loss induced byP. gingivalis. Our results suggest that SAPP specifically targetsP. gingivalis and its associated bacterial communities and could be envisioned as an emerging thera...

Source: Molecular Oral Microbiology - June 29, 2020 Category: Microbiology Authors: Meng ‐Hsuan Ho, Hatice Hasturk, Daphne F. Young, Hua Xie Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research