Computer-Aided Histopathological Image Analysis Techniques for Automated Nuclear Atypia Scoring of Breast Cancer: a Review

AbstractBreast cancer is the most common type of malignancy diagnosed in women. Through early detection and diagnosis, there is a great chance of recovery and thereby reduce the mortality rate. Many preliminary tests like non-invasive radiological diagnosis using ultrasound, mammography, and MRI are widely used for the diagnosis of breast cancer. However, histopathological analysis of breast biopsy specimen is inevitable and is considered to be the golden standard for the affirmation of cancer. With the advancements in the digital computing capabilities, memory capacity, and imaging modalities, the development of computer-aided powerful analytical techniques for histopathological data has increased dramatically. These automated techniques help to alleviate the laborious work of the pathologist and to improve the reproducibility and reliability of the interpretation. This paper reviews and summarizes digital image computational algorithms applied on histopathological breast cancer images for nuclear atypia scoring and explores the future possibilities. The algorithms for nuclear pleomorphism scoring of breast cancer can be widely grouped into two categories: handcrafted feature-based and learned feature-based. Handcrafted feature-based algorithms mainly include the computational steps like pre-processing the images, segmenting the nuclei, extracting unique features, feature selection, and machine learning –based classification. However, most of the recent algorithms are base...
Source: Journal of Digital Imaging - Category: Radiology Source Type: research