Necrotizing enterocolitis: The intestinal microbiome, metabolome and inflammatory mediators

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a disease of preterm infants and associated with significant mortality and morbidity. Although the pathogenesis of NEC is not clear, microbial dysbiosis, with a bloom of the phylum Proteobacteria, has been reported. Antibiotics and the use of H2 blockers, which affect the gut microbiome, are associated with increased incidence of NEC. In association with dysbiosis, inflammatory processes are upregulated with increased Toll-like receptor signaling, leading to translocation of nuclear factor kappa- β, a transcription factor that induces transcription of various pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines.

Source: Seminars in Fetal and Neonatal Medicine - August 29, 2018 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Josef Neu, Mohan Pammi Source Type: research