Obinutuzumab: a new class of anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody

Purpose of reviewObinutuzumab is a new anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody which demonstrated clinical superiority compared with rituximab in a recent phase III study. There is a need to better understand how this antibody differs from rituximab and why it could modify the landscape of the treatment of CD20+ malignancies in the near future. Recent findingsAntibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity plays a critical role in clinical activity of rituximab. To increase antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity, a strategy improving the affinity between the Fc portion of the antibody and FcγRIIIa expressed by effector cells has been recently developed. This strategy modifies the carbohydrate located between the two Fc arms. Thus, the lack of fucose on IgG oligosaccharide improves binding to FcγRIII and antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity. Obinutuzumab recognized a CD20 epitope different from that bound by rituximab. This property confers different features to obinutuzumab mechanisms of action with a noncaspase-dependent direct-cell death and the lack of complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Obinutuzumab demonstrated significant activity in animal models, and phase I or II studies showed clinical activity in different subtypes of CD20+ diseases. SummaryObinutuzumab, a type II glycoengineered monoclonal antibody, is characterized by an increased antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity and direct-cell death but no complement-dependent cytotoxicity. Recent clinical data demonstrated a sup...
Source: Current Opinion in Oncology - Category: Cancer & Oncology Tags: LYMPHOMA: Edited by Bertrand Coiffier and Anne-Sophie Michallet Source Type: research