Attraction and disruption: how loop extrusion and compartmentalisation shape the nuclear genome

Curr Opin Genet Dev. 2024 Apr 17;86:102194. doi: 10.1016/j.gde.2024.102194. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTChromatin loops, which bring two distal loci of the same chromosome into close physical proximity, are the ubiquitous units of the three-dimensional genome. Recent advances in understanding the spatial organisation of chromatin suggest that several distinct mechanisms control chromatin interactions, such as loop extrusion by cohesin complexes, compartmentalisation by phase separation, direct protein-protein interactions and others. Here, we review different types of chromatin loops and highlight the factors and processes involved in their regulation. We discuss how loop extrusion and compartmentalisation shape chromatin interactions and how these two processes can either positively or negatively influence each other.PMID:38636335 | DOI:10.1016/j.gde.2024.102194

Source: Current Opinion in Genetics and Development - April 18, 2024 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Mikhail Magnitov Elzo de Wit Source Type: research