The value of pupillary diameter in evaluating pain perception after awakening in patients undergoing general anesthesia during orthopedic surgery

The pupillary response to tetanic electrical stimulation reflects the balance between nociceptive stimulation and analgesia. Although pupillary pain index (PPI) was utilized to predict postoperative pain, it d...
Source: BMC Anesthesiology - Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Tags: Research Source Type: research