Bone Biomarkers Based on Magnetic Resonance Imaging

Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2024; 28: 062-077 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1776431Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly used to evaluate the microstructural and compositional properties of bone. MRI-based biomarkers can characterize all major compartments of bone: organic, water, fat, and mineral components. However, with a short apparent spin-spin relaxation time (T2*), bone is invisible to conventional MRI sequences that use long echo times. To address this shortcoming, ultrashort echo time MRI sequences have been developed to provide direct imaging of bone and establish a set of MRI-based biomarkers sensitive to the structural and compositional changes of bone. This review article describes the MRI-based bone biomarkers representing total water, pore water, bound water, fat fraction, macromolecular fraction in the organic matrix, and surrogates for mineral density. MRI-based morphological bone imaging techniques are also briefly described. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents  |  Abstract  |  Full text

Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - February 8, 2024 Category: Radiology Authors: Jerban, Saeed Jang, Hyungseok Chang, Eric Y. Bukata, Susan Du, Jiang Chung, Christine B. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research