C4 constant vertebra: a novel benchmark of physiological cervical sagittal alignment

ConclusionsIn the asymptomatic population, the C4 vertebral body maintains a constant slope angle under physiological conditions. The novel concept of C4 as a constant vertebra would provide a vital benchmark for diagnosing pathological sagittal alignment abnormalities and planning the surgical reconstruction of cervical lordosis.
Source: European Spine Journal - Category: Orthopaedics Source Type: research