Differential Production of Midkine and Pleiotrophin by Innate APCs upon Stimulation through Nucleic Acid-Sensing TLRs
J Immunol Res. 2023 Oct 9;2023:7944102. doi: 10.1155/2023/7944102. eCollection 2023.ABSTRACTMidkine (MK) and pleiotrophin (PTN) belong to the same family of cytokines. They have similar sequences and functions. Both have important roles in cellular proliferation, tumors, and diseases. They regulate and are expressed by some immune cells. We have recently demonstrated MK production by some human innate antigen-presenting cells (iAPCs), i.e., monocyte-derived dendritic cells (MDDCs) and macrophages stimulated through Toll-like receptor (TLR)-4, and plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) stimulated through TLR 7. While PTN production was only documented in tissue macrophages. TLRs 3, 7, 8, and 9 are nucleic acid sensing (NAS) TLRs that detect nucleic acids from cell damage and infection and induce iAPC responses. We investigated whether NAS TLRs can induce MK and PTN production by human iAPCs, namely monocytes, macrophages, MDDCs, myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs), and pDCs. Our results demonstrated for the first time that PTN is produced by all iAPCs upon TLR triggering (p < 0.01). IAPCs produced more PTN than MK (p < 0.01). NAS TLRs and iAPCs had differential abilities to induce the production of MK, which was induced in monocytes and pDCs by all NAS TLRs (p < 0.05) and in MDDCs by TLRs 7/8 (p < 0.05). TLR4 induced a stronger MK production than NAS TLRs (p ≤ 0.05). Monocytes produced higher levels of PTN after differentiation to macrophages and MDDCs (p < 0.05). The...
Source: Journal of Immunology Research - Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Elias A Said Sumaya Al-Dughaishi Wadha Al-Hatmi Iman Al-Reesi Mohammed S Al-Balushi Atika Al-Bimani Juma Z Al-Busaidi Marwa Al-Riyami Murtadha Al-Khabori Salam Al-Kindi Francesco A Procopio Shadia Al-Sinawi Aliyaa Al-Ansari Crystal Y Koh Khalid Al-Naamani Source Type: research
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