Retinal ischemic cascade: New insights into the pathophysiology and imaging findings

Retinal ischemia gives rise to a complex spectrum in which the cumulative profile of ischemia of the middle and inner retina can be highly variable. We reviewed the current knowledge on paracentral acute middle maculopathy (PAMM) pathophysiology and accompanying risk factors, the middle and inner retinal vasculature and blood flow, and the vulnerability of the middle retina in vaso-occlusive disorders. The inner nuclear layer (INL) is easily affected by slight degrees of retinal hypoperfusion and ischemia.

Source: Survey of Ophthalmology - December 1, 2022 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Seyed-Hossein Abtahi, Ramin Nourinia, Mehdi Mazloumi, Hosein Nouri, J Fernando Arevalo, Hamid Ahmadieh Source Type: research