Accuracy enhancement in reflective pulse oximetry by considering wavelength-dependent pathlengths

Objective. Noninvasive measurement of oxygen saturation (SpO2) using transmissive photoplethysmography (tPPG) is clinically accepted and widely employed. However, reflective photoplethysmography (rPPG) —currently present in smartwatches—has not become equally accepted, partially because the pathlengths of the red and infrared PPGs are patient-dependent. Thus, even the most popular ‘Ratio of Modulation’ (R) method requires patient-dependent calibration to reduce the errors in the measuremen t of SpO2 using rPPGs. Approach. In this paper, a correction factor or ‘pathlength ratio’ β is introduced in an existing calibration-free algorithm that compensates the patient-dependent pathlength variations, and improved accuracy is obtained in the measurement of SpO2 using rPPGs. The propose d pathlength ratio β is derived through the analytical model of a rPPG signal. Using the new expression and data obtained from a human hypoxia study wherein arterial oxygen saturation values acquired through Blood Gas Analysis were employed as a reference, β is determined. Main results. The result s of the analysis show that a specific combination of the β and the measurements on the pulsating part of the natural logarithm of the red and infrared PPG signals yields a reduced root-mean-square error (RMSE). It is shown that the average RMSE in measuring SpO2 values reduces to 1 %. Significance . The human hypoxia study data used for this work, obtained in a previous study, covers SpO2 v...

Source: Physiological Measurement - September 4, 2022 Category: Physiology Authors: Idoia Badiola, Vladimir Blazek, V Jagadeesh Kumar, Boby George, Steffen Leonhardt and Christoph Hoog Antink Source Type: research