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Source: Current Opinion in Neurology

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Total 97 results found since Jan 2013.

Recent advances in the management of symptomatic vertebral artery stenosis
Purpose of review Vertebrobasilar stenosis accounts for 20% of posterior circulation strokes and is associated with high risk of early stroke recurrence. We review data from randomized controlled trials examining whether stenting may reduce this risk, including the recently published Vertebral Artery Ischaemia Stenting Trial (VIST). Recent findings VIST and VAST (Vertebral Artery Stenting Trial), having recruited both intracranial and extracranial vertebral stenosis and showed a low rate of perioperative stroke for extracranial (0 and 2%, respectively), but a higher rate for intracranial stenosis (15 and 22%, respecti...
Source: Current Opinion in Neurology - January 17, 2018 Category: Neurology Tags: CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE: Edited by Hugh S. Markus Source Type: research

Four birds with one stone? Reparative, neuroplastic, cardiorespiratory, and metabolic benefits of aerobic exercise poststroke
Purpose of review: Converging evidence from animal models of stroke and clinical trials suggests that aerobic exercise has effects across multiple targets. Recent findings: The subacute phase is characterized by a period of heightened neuroplasticity when aerobic exercise has the potential to optimize recovery. In animals, low intensity aerobic exercise shrinks lesion size and reduces cell death and inflammation, beginning 24 h poststroke. Also in animals, aerobic exercise upregulates brain-derived neurotrophic factor near the lesion and improves learning. In terms of neuroplastic effects, clinical trial results are les...
Source: Current Opinion in Neurology - November 8, 2016 Category: Neurology Tags: TRAUMA AND REHABILITATION: Edited by Bruce H. Dobkin Source Type: research

New concepts on acute ocular ischemia
Purpose of review To review recent advances in the management of acute ocular ischemic events, including: transient monocular vision loss, central and branch retinal artery occlusions, and nonarteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy. Recent findings Transient monocular vision loss and acute retinal arterial occlusions require immediate diagnosis and management, with recognition of these events as transient ischemic attack or stroke equivalents, respectively. Patients should undergo an immediate stroke workup in a stroke center, similar to patients with acute cerebral ischemia. The treatment of central retinal arte...
Source: Current Opinion in Neurology - January 13, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE: Edited by Didier Leys Source Type: research

Which patients with asymptomatic carotid stenosis benefit from revascularization?
Purpose of review: To summarize why there are polarized opinions regarding the management of patients with asymptomatic carotid disease and whether it is possible to identify patients who might benefit from carotid interventions. Recent findings: Carotid Revascularization Endarterectomy Versus Stenting Trial and Asymptomatic Carotid Trial 1 (ACT-1) recently concluded that outcomes after carotid endarterectomy and carotid stenting were not significantly different in asymptomatic patients and that procedural risks were below the accepted 3% threshold. However, systematic reviews suggest that Carotid Revascularization Endart...
Source: Current Opinion in Neurology - February 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE: Edited by Jean-Louis Mas and David Calvet Source Type: research

Symptomatic carotid stenosis: is stenting as safe and effective as carotid endarterectomy?
Purpose of review: Reviewing current evidence on carotid artery stenting (CAS) compared with carotid endarterectomy (CEA) in the prevention of ipsilateral stroke in patients with a symptomatic carotid stenosis. Recent findings: Randomized clinical trials and registries have consistently shown that CAS is associated with a higher risk of procedural stroke or death and a lower risk of procedural myocardial infarction and local complications compared with CEA. Both procedures are equally effective to prevent late recurrent ipsilateral stroke and are associated with similar low risk of restenosis. Individual patient data ana...
Source: Current Opinion in Neurology - February 1, 2017 Category: Neurology Tags: CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE: Edited by Jean-Louis Mas and David Calvet Source Type: research

Intravenous thrombolysis and mechanical thrombectomy in patients with minor or rapidly improving neurological deficits
Purpose of review A substantial proportion of patients with ischemic stroke present with mild neurological deficits ('Stroke with mild symptoms,’ SMS). Treating these patients with thrombolysis or with thrombectomy is controversial and clinical practice is different. We will highlight the importance of these treatment decisions by reviewing the recent advances in this area. Recent findings Intravenous thrombolysis with recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in patients with SMS showed a significant reduction in functional disability after 3 months. Treatment with tenecteplase seems to be a pharmacologically superi...
Source: Current Opinion in Neurology - January 13, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE: Edited by Didier Leys Source Type: research

Recent developments in imaging of epilepsy
Purpose of review Imaging constitutes one of the key pillars in the diagnostic workup after a first seizure as well as for the presurgical workup in epilepsy. The role of imaging in emergency situations, mainly to support the adequate diagnosis, as well as its role in planning of noninvasive image-guided therapies is less well established. Here, we provide an overview on peri-ictal imaging findings to support differential diagnosis in emergency situations and describe recent attempts toward minimal invasive therapy in the treatment of epilepsy and its comorbidities based on a combination of imaging techniques with ultras...
Source: Current Opinion in Neurology - June 27, 2019 Category: Neurology Tags: NEUROIMAGING: Edited by Stefan Klöppel Source Type: research

Retinal vessel changes in cerebrovascular disease
Purpose of review The retina is growingly recognized as a window into cerebrovascular and systemic vascular conditions. The utility of noninvasive retinal vessel biomarkers in cerebrovascular risk assessment has expanded due to advances in retinal imaging techniques and machine learning-based digital analysis. The purpose of this review is to underscore the latest evidence linking retinal vascular abnormalities with stroke and vascular-related cognitive disorders; to highlight modern developments in retinal vascular imaging modalities and software-based vasculopathy quantification. Recent findings Longitudinal studies...
Source: Current Opinion in Neurology - January 17, 2020 Category: Neurology Tags: NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY: Edited by Heather E. Moss Source Type: research

Cerebrovascular disease in pregnancy and postpartum
Purpose of review Cerebrovascular disorders during pregnancy and puerperium are uncommon but potentially serious entities. This review aims to provide guidance on the diagnosis and management of these diseases, according to the most recent findings. Recent findings Proteinuria is no longer a mandatory criterion for the diagnosis of preeclampsia. Favourable long-term foetal and maternal outcomes are achieved in most patients with ruptured cerebral arterial malformations during pregnancy receiving interventional treatment prior to delivery. Despite the recent recommendations, physicians still hesitate to administe...
Source: Current Opinion in Neurology - January 19, 2022 Category: Neurology Tags: CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE: Edited by Diana Aguiar de Sousa Source Type: research

A model of poststroke fatigue based on sensorimotor deficits
In this study, we propose a new model of poststroke fatigue based on recent findings of corticomotor neurophysiological, behavioural, and perceptual deficits in the poststroke fatigue population. Summary: The current evidence suggests that poststroke fatigue may not be a neuropsychiatric problem but a problem of the sensorimotor system. Future studies need to address the causal link between sensorimotor deficits and poststroke fatigue.
Source: Current Opinion in Neurology - November 11, 2015 Category: Neurology Tags: TRAUMA AND REHABILITATION: Edited by S. Thomas Carmichael Source Type: research

The vestibular system: balancing more than just the body
Purpose of review: The review presents a selection of recent studies in the field of vestibular neuroscience, including how vestibular stimulation modulates space and body perception. Recent findings: Recent neuroimaging studies identified the operculo-insular/retroinsular cortex as the core vestibular cortex and showed how it is reorganized after vestibular dysfunctions. Subliminal galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) induces long-term reduction of hemispatial neglect and improves vertical perception in stroke patients, but the underlying mechanisms remain to be identified. Healthy volunteer research suggests that GVS a...
Source: Current Opinion in Neurology - January 12, 2016 Category: Neurology Tags: NEURO-OPHTHALMOLOGY AND NEURO-OTOLOGY: Edited by David S. Zee and Francine Behar-Cohen Source Type: research

Cerebrovascular disorders
Purpose of review Not unexpected from the variety of cerebrovascular disorders and their morphologic and clinical consequences the contributions of neuroimaging are also quite diverse and go with different approaches in different directions. By reviewing the recent advances in these various areas, we will attempt to highlight those contributions, which may be most meaningful both for the clinician and the researcher dealing with cerebrovascular disorders. Recent findings After long expectations of the utility of mismatch concepts, such patient selection has proven successful in extending the benefit of recanalization ...
Source: Current Opinion in Neurology - July 4, 2018 Category: Neurology Tags: NEUROIMAGING: Edited by Massimo Filippi Source Type: research

Stimulation of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors by exogenous and endogenous ligands improves outcome of brain injury
This article reviews the recent literature on positive modulators of the glycine site as a new modality for improving cognitive function in central nervous system pathology, including traumatic and ischemic brain injuries, neuroinflammation, and neuropsychiatric disorders. Recent findings A sustained cognitive decline and NMDAR downregulation were reported in rodent models of TBI, developmental TBI, stroke, and lipopolysaccharide-induced neuroinflammation. Activation of the glycine/serine site by D-cycloserine (DCS) or D-serine ameliorated these cognitive deficits. Recent reviews and reports on the use of DCS and D-seri...
Source: Current Opinion in Neurology - November 9, 2018 Category: Neurology Tags: TRAUMA AND REHABILITATION: Edited by Rajiv R. Ratan and Nicholas D. Schiff Source Type: research

Editorial: Coronavirus disease 2019 and stroke: how to avoid a new lockdown for stroke patients
No abstract available
Source: Current Opinion in Neurology - January 21, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE: Edited by Valeria Caso Source Type: research

Maintaining high thrombectomy rates during pandemics
Purpose of review The aim of this article is to review the current literature on endovascular treatment of acute ischemic stroke in the aftermath of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown. Recent findings The outbreak of the COVID-19 has had effect of unprecedented magnitude on the social, economic and personal aspects around the globe. Healthcare providers were forced to expand capacity to provide care to the surging number of symptomatic COVID-19 patients, while maintaining a fully operating service for all non-COVID patients. The recent literature suggesting an overall decrease in acute ischemic str...
Source: Current Opinion in Neurology - January 21, 2021 Category: Neurology Tags: CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASE: Edited by Valeria Caso Source Type: research