• Filter By:
• Specialty
• Source
• Condition
• Cancer
• Infectious Disease
• Drug
• Training
• Management
• Procedure
• Therapy
• Vaccine
• Nutrition
• Country

Interventions in outside-school hours childcare settings for promoting physical activity amongst schoolchildren aged 4 to 12 years
CONCLUSIONS: Although the review included nine trials, the evidence for how to increase children's physical activity in outside-school hours care settings remains limited, both in terms of certainty of evidence and magnitude of the effect. Of the types of interventions identified, when assessed using GRADE there was low-certainty evidence that multi-component interventions, with a specific physical activity goal may have a small increase in daily moderate-to-vigorous physical activity and a slight reduction in BMI. There was very low-certainty evidence that interventions increase cardiovascular fitness. By contrast there w...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - October 25, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Rosa Virgara Anna Phillips Lucy K Lewis Katherine Baldock Luke Wolfenden Ty Ferguson Mandy Richardson Anthony Okely Michael Beets Carol Maher Source Type: research

Calcium supplementation for prevention of primary hypertension
CONCLUSIONS: An increase in calcium intake slightly reduces both systolic and diastolic blood pressure in normotensive people, particularly in young people, suggesting a role in the prevention of hypertension. The effect across multiple prespecified subgroups and a possible dose response effect reinforce this conclusion. Even small reductions in blood pressure could have important health implications for reducing vascular disease. A 2 mmHg lower systolic blood pressure is predicted to produce about 10% lower stroke mortality and about 7% lower mortality from ischaemic heart disease. There is a great need for adequately-pow...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - October 25, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Gabriela Cormick Agust ín Ciapponi Mar ía Luisa Cafferata Mar ía Sol Cormick Jos é M Belizán Source Type: research

Antibiotics for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease
CONCLUSIONS: Our present review indicates that antibiotics (macrolides or quinolones) for secondary prevention of coronary heart disease seem harmful when assessing the risk of all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and stroke at maximum follow-up and all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, and sudden cardiac death at 24±6 months follow-up. Current evidence does, therefore, not support the clinical use of macrolides and quinolones for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease. Future trials on the safety of macrolides or quinolones for the secondary prevention in patients with coronary heart diseas...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - March 11, 2021 Category: General Medicine Authors: Naqash J Sethi Sanam Safi Steven Kwasi Korang Asbj ørn Hróbjartsson Maria Skoog Christian Gluud Janus C Jakobsen Source Type: research

Screening strategies for hypertension.
CONCLUSIONS: There is an implicit assumption that early detection of hypertension through screening can reduce the burden of morbidity and mortality, but this assumption has not been tested in rigorous research studies. High-quality evidence from RCTs or programmatic evidence from NRCTs on the effectiveness and costs or harms of different screening strategies for hypertension (mass, targeted, or opportunistic) to reduce hypertension-related morbidity and mortality is lacking. PMID: 32378196 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - May 6, 2020 Category: General Medicine Authors: Schmidt BM, Durao S, Toews I, Bavuma CM, Hohlfeld A, Nury E, Meerpohl JJ, Kredo T Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Chelation therapy for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease.
CONCLUSIONS: There is currently insufficient evidence to determine the effectiveness or ineffectiveness of chelation therapy in improving clinical outcomes of people with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. More high-quality, randomised controlled trials are needed that assess the effects of chelation therapy on longevity and quality of life among people with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. PMID: 32367513 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - May 4, 2020 Category: General Medicine Authors: Villarruz-Sulit MV, Forster R, Dans AL, Tan FN, Sulit DV Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Omega-3 fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the most extensive systematic assessment of effects of omega-3 fats on cardiovascular health to date. Moderate- and low-certainty evidence suggests that increasing LCn3 slightly reduces risk of coronary heart disease mortality and events, and reduces serum triglycerides (evidence mainly from supplement trials). Increasing ALA slightly reduces risk of cardiovascular events and arrhythmia. PMID: 32114706 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - February 28, 2020 Category: General Medicine Authors: Abdelhamid AS, Brown TJ, Brainard JS, Biswas P, Thorpe GC, Moore HJ, Deane KH, Summerbell CD, Worthington HV, Song F, Hooper L Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Mediterranean-style diet for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
CONCLUSIONS: Despite the relatively large number of studies included in this review, there is still some uncertainty regarding the effects of a Mediterranean-style diet on clinical endpoints and CVD risk factors for both primary and secondary prevention. The quality of evidence for the modest benefits on CVD risk factors in primary prevention is low or moderate, with a small number of studies reporting minimal harms. There is a paucity of evidence for secondary prevention. The ongoing studies may provide more certainty in the future. PMID: 30864165 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - March 12, 2019 Category: General Medicine Authors: Rees K, Takeda A, Martin N, Ellis L, Wijesekara D, Vepa A, Das A, Hartley L, Stranges S Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

General health checks in adults for reducing morbidity and mortality from disease.
CONCLUSIONS: General health checks are unlikely to be beneficial. PMID: 30699470 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - January 31, 2019 Category: General Medicine Authors: Krogsbøll LT, Jørgensen KJ, Gøtzsche PC Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors for prevention or delay of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its associated complications in people at increased risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus.
CONCLUSIONS: AGI may prevent or delay the development of T2DM in people with IGT. There is no firm evidence that AGI have a beneficial effect on cardiovascular mortality or cardiovascular events. PMID: 30592787 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - December 28, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Moelands SV, Lucassen PL, Akkermans RP, De Grauw WJ, Van de Laar FA Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Omega-3 fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the most extensive systematic assessment of effects of omega-3 fats on cardiovascular health to date. Moderate- and high-quality evidence suggests that increasing EPA and DHA has little or no effect on mortality or cardiovascular health (evidence mainly from supplement trials). Previous suggestions of benefits from EPA and DHA supplements appear to spring from trials with higher risk of bias. Low-quality evidence suggests ALA may slightly reduce CVD event and arrhythmia risk. PMID: 30521670 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - November 30, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Abdelhamid AS, Brown TJ, Brainard JS, Biswas P, Thorpe GC, Moore HJ, Deane KH, AlAbdulghafoor FK, Summerbell CD, Worthington HV, Song F, Hooper L Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Omega-6 fats for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the most extensive systematic assessment of effects of omega-6 fats on cardiovascular health, mortality, lipids and adiposity to date, using previously unpublished data. We found no evidence that increasing omega-6 fats reduces cardiovascular outcomes other than MI, where 53 people may need to increase omega-6 fat intake to prevent 1 person from experiencing MI. Although benefits of omega-6 fats remain to be proven, increasing omega-6 fats may be of benefit in people at high risk of MI. Increased omega-6 fats reduce serum total cholesterol but not other blood fat fractions or adiposity. PMID: 3048...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - November 29, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Hooper L, Al-Khudairy L, Abdelhamid AS, Rees K, Brainard JS, Brown TJ, Ajabnoor SM, O'Brien AT, Winstanley LE, Donaldson DH, Song F, Deane KH Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Polyunsaturated fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the most extensive systematic review of RCTs conducted to date to assess effects of increasing PUFA on cardiovascular disease, mortality, lipids or adiposity. Increasing PUFA intake probably slightly reduces risk of coronary heart disease and cardiovascular disease events, may slightly reduce risk of coronary heart disease mortality and stroke (though not ruling out harms), but has little or no effect on all-cause or cardiovascular disease mortality. The mechanism may be via TG reduction. PMID: 30484282 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - November 27, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Abdelhamid AS, Martin N, Bridges C, Brainard JS, Wang X, Brown TJ, Hanson S, Jimoh OF, Ajabnoor SM, Deane KH, Song F, Hooper L Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Omega-3 fatty acids for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the most extensive systematic assessment of effects of omega-3 fats on cardiovascular health to date. Moderate- and high-quality evidence suggests that increasing EPA and DHA has little or no effect on mortality or cardiovascular health (evidence mainly from supplement trials). Previous suggestions of benefits from EPA and DHA supplements appear to spring from trials with higher risk of bias. Low-quality evidence suggests ALA may slightly reduce CVD event risk, CHD mortality and arrhythmia. PMID: 30019766 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - July 18, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Abdelhamid AS, Brown TJ, Brainard JS, Biswas P, Thorpe GC, Moore HJ, Deane KH, AlAbdulghafoor FK, Summerbell CD, Worthington HV, Song F, Hooper L Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Omega-6 fats for the primary and secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease.
CONCLUSIONS: This is the most extensive systematic assessment of effects of omega-6 fats on cardiovascular health, mortality, lipids and adiposity to date, using previously unpublished data. We found no evidence that increasing omega-6 fats reduces cardiovascular outcomes other than MI, where 53 people may need to increase omega-6 fat intake to prevent 1 person from experiencing MI. Although benefits of omega-6 fats remain to be proven, increasing omega-6 fats may be of benefit in people at high risk of MI. Increased omega-6 fats reduce serum total cholesterol but not other blood fat fractions or adiposity. PMID: 3001...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - July 18, 2018 Category: General Medicine Authors: Hooper L, Al-Khudairy L, Abdelhamid AS, Rees K, Brainard JS, Brown TJ, Ajabnoor SM, O'Brien AT, Winstanley LE, Donaldson DH, Song F, Deane KH Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Pages: 1  2  3