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Antiplatelet versus anticoagulation treatment for patients with heart failure in sinus rhythm.
CONCLUSIONS: There is evidence from RCTs to suggest that neither oral anticoagulation with warfarin or platelet inhibition with aspirin is better for mortality in systolic heart failure with sinus rhythm (high quality of the evidence for all-cause mortality and moderate quality of the evidence for non-fatal cardiovascular events and major bleeding events). Treatment with warfarin was associated with a 20% reduction in non-fatal cardiovascular events but a twofold higher risk of major bleeding complications (high quality of the evidence). We saw a similar pattern of results for the warfarin versus clopidogrel comparison (lo...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - September 14, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Shantsila E, Lip GY Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

WITHDRAWN: Antiplatelet agents versus control or anticoagulation for heart failure in sinus rhythm.
CONCLUSIONS: At present there is little evidence from long term RCTs to recommend the use of antiplatelet therapy to prevent thromboembolism in patients with heart failure in sinus rhythm. A possible interaction with ACE inhibitors may reduce the efficacy of aspirin, although this evidence is mainly from retrospective analyses of trial cohorts and two RCTs. There is also no current evidence to support the use of oral anticoagulation (when compared to aspirin/clopidogrel) in patients with heart failure in sinus rhythm. Anticoagulation/antiplatelet therapy should be reserved for heart failure patients with other comorbiditie...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - May 2, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Lip GY, Wrigley BJ, Pisters R Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

WITHDRAWN: Shengmai (a traditional Chinese herbal medicine) for heart failure.
CONCLUSIONS: Shengmai may be beneficial in treating heart failure, especially in terms of improving the NYHA functional classification with Shengmai plus usual treatment. However, the evidence for its effects on mortality and hospitalisation are not available yet. Therefore more studies, of higher quality and long-term follow-up, are needed to provide more evidence for the future use of Shengmai. PMID: 27128629 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - April 28, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Chen J, Yao Y, Chen H, Kwong JS, Chen J Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Colchicine for prevention of cardiovascular events.
CONCLUSIONS: There is much uncertainty surrounding the benefits and harms of colchicine treatment. Colchicine may have substantial benefits in reducing myocardial infarction in selected high-risk populations but uncertainty about the size of the effect on survival and other cardiovascular outcomes is high, especially in the general population from which most of the studies in our review were drawn. Colchicine is associated with gastrointestinal side effects based on low-quality evidence. More evidence from large-scale randomised trials is needed. PMID: 26816301 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - January 27, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Hemkens LG, Ewald H, Gloy VL, Arpagaus A, Olu KK, Nidorf M, Glinz D, Nordmann AJ, Briel M Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Red blood cell transfusion for people undergoing hip fracture surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: We found low quality evidence of no difference in mortality, functional recovery or postoperative morbidity between 'liberal' versus 'restrictive' thresholds for red blood cell transfusion in people undergoing surgery for hip fracture. Although further research may change the estimates of effect, the currently available evidence does not support the use of liberal red blood cell transfusion thresholds based on a 10 g/dL haemoglobin trigger in preference to more restrictive transfusion thresholds based on lower haemoglobin levels or symptoms of anaemia in these people. Future research needs to address the effec...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - April 21, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Brunskill SJ, Millette SL, Shokoohi A, Pulford EC, Doree C, Murphy MF, Stanworth S Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Beta-adrenergic blockers for perioperative cardiac risk reduction in people undergoing vascular surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis currently offers no clear evidence that perioperative beta-adrenergic blockade reduces postoperative cardiac morbidity and mortality in people undergoing major non-cardiac vascular surgery. There is evidence that intra-operative bradycardia and hypotension are more likely in people taking perioperative beta-adrenergic blockers, which should be weighed with any benefit. PMID: 25879091 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - April 17, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Mostafaie K, Bedenis R, Harrington D Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Antiarrhythmics for maintaining sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation.
CONCLUSIONS: Several class IA, IC and III drugs, as well as class II drugs (beta-blockers), are moderately effective in maintaining sinus rhythm after conversion of atrial fibrillation. However, they increase adverse events, including pro-arrhythmia, and some of them (disopyramide, quinidine and sotalol) may increase mortality. Possible benefits on clinically relevant outcomes (stroke, embolism, heart failure) remain to be established. PMID: 25820938 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - April 2, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Lafuente-Lafuente C, Valembois L, Bergmann JF, Belmin J Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Cooling for cerebral protection during brain surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: We found no evidence that the use of induced hypothermia was associated with a significant reduction in mortality or severe neurological disability, or an increase in harm in patients undergoing neurosurgery. PMID: 25626888 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - February 3, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Galvin IM, Levy R, Boyd JG, Day AG, Wallace MC Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Homocysteine-lowering interventions for preventing cardiovascular events.
CONCLUSIONS: This second update of this Cochrane Review found no evidence to suggest that homocysteine-lowering interventions in the form of supplements of vitamins B6, B9 or B12 given alone or in combination should be used for preventing cardiovascular events. Furthermore, there is no evidence to suggest that homocysteine-lowering interventions are associated with an increased risk of cancer. PMID: 25590290 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - January 15, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Martí-Carvajal AJ, Solà I, Lathyris D Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Beta-adrenergic blockers for perioperative cardiac risk reduction in people undergoing vascular surgery.
CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis currently offers no clear evidence that perioperative beta-adrenergic blockade reduces postoperative cardiac morbidity and mortality in people undergoing major non-cardiac vascular surgery. There is evidence that intra-operative bradycardia and hypotension are more likely in people taking perioperative beta-adrenergic blockers, which should be weighed with any benefit. PMID: 25586309 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - January 14, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Mostafaie K, Bedenis R, Harrington D Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

First-line drugs inhibiting the renin angiotensin system versus other first-line antihypertensive drug classes for hypertension.
CONCLUSIONS: We found predominantly moderate quality evidence that all-cause mortality is similar when first-line RAS inhibitors are compared to other first-line antihypertensive agents. First-line thiazides caused less HF and stroke than first-line RAS inhibitors. The quality of the evidence comparing first-line beta-blockers and first-line RAS inhibitors was low and the lower risk of total CV events and stroke seen with RAS inhibitors may change with the publication of additional trials. Compared with first-line CCBs, first-line RAS inhibitors reduced HF but increased stroke. The magnitude of the reduction in HF exceeded...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - January 11, 2015 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Xue H, Lu Z, Tang WL, Pang LW, Wang GM, Wong GW, Wright JM Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Perioperative beta-blockers for preventing surgery-related mortality and morbidity.
CONCLUSIONS: According to our findings, perioperative application of beta-blockers still plays a pivotal role in cardiac surgery , as they can substantially reduce the high burden of supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias in the aftermath of surgery. Their influence on mortality, AMI, stroke, congestive heart failure, hypotension and bradycardia in this setting remains unclear.In non-cardiac surgery, evidence from low risk of bias trials shows an increase in all-cause mortality and stroke with the use of beta-blockers. As the quality of evidence is still low to moderate, more evidence is needed before a definitive co...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - September 18, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Blessberger H, Kammler J, Domanovits H, Schlager O, Wildner B, Azar D, Schillinger M, Wiesbauer F, Steinwender C Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Statins for acute coronary syndrome.
CONCLUSIONS: Based on moderate quality evidence, due to concerns about risk of bias and imprecision, initiation of statin therapy within 14 days following ACS does not reduce death, myocardial infarction, or stroke up to four months, but reduces the occurrence of unstable angina at four months following ACS. Serious side effects were rare. PMID: 25178118 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - September 1, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Vale N, Nordmann AJ, Schwartz GG, de Lemos J, Colivicchi F, den Hartog F, Ostadal P, Macin SM, Liem AH, Mills EJ, Bhatnagar N, Bucher HC, Briel M Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Stem cell therapy for chronic ischaemic heart disease and congestive heart failure.
CONCLUSIONS: This systematic review and meta-analysis found moderate quality evidence that BMSC treatment improves LVEF. Unlike in trials where BMSC were administered following acute myocardial infarction (AMI), we found some evidence for a potential beneficial clinical effect in terms of mortality and performance status in the long term (after at least one year) in people who suffer from chronic IHD and heart failure, although the quality of evidence was low. PMID: 24777540 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - May 3, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Fisher SA, Brunskill SJ, Doree C, Mathur A, Taggart DP, Martin-Rendon E Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

Shengmai (a traditional Chinese herbal medicine) for heart failure.
CONCLUSIONS: Shengmai may exert a positive effect on heart failure, especially for improving NYHA functional classification when Shengmai plus usual treatment is used. The review results should be interpreted with caution due to the high risk of bias of the included studies (particularly regarding allocation concealment and blinding), the small sample size of these studies, and the significant heterogeneity in outcomes such as ejection function, cardiac output and stroke volume. There was no evidence available concerning the effect of Shengmai on mortality, and more high quality studies with long-term follow-up are warrant...
Source: Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews - April 14, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Zhou Q, Qin WZ, Liu SB, Kwong JS, Zhou J, Chen J Tags: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Source Type: research

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