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Delayed mirror visual feedback presented using a novel mirror therapy system enhances cortical activation in healthy adults
Conclusions: This study is the first to achieve delayed MVF for upper-limb MT. Our approach confirms previous findings regarding the effects of MVF on cortical activation and contributes additional evidence supporting the use of this method in the future for upper-limb motor training in patients with stroke.
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - July 11, 2015 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Hsin-Min LeePing-Chia LiShih-Chen Fan Source Type: research

The H2 robotic exoskeleton for gait rehabilitation after stroke: early findings from a clinical study
Conclusions: The developed exoskeleton enables longitudinal overground training of walking in hemiparetic patients after stroke. The system is robust and safe when applied to assist a stroke patient performing an overground walking task. Such device opens the opportunity to study means to optimize a rehabilitation treatment that can be customized for individuals.Trial registration: This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (https://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT02114450).
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - June 17, 2015 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Magdo BortoleAnusha VenkatakrishnanFangshi ZhuJuan MorenoGerard FranciscoJose PonsJose Contreras-Vidal Source Type: research

Efficacy of virtual reality-based intervention on balance and mobility disorders post-stroke: a scoping review
Rehabilitation interventions involving virtual reality (VR) technology have been developed for the promotion of functional independence post stroke. A scoping review was performed to examine the efficacy of VR-based interventions on balance and mobility disorders post stroke. Twenty-four articles in the English language examining VR game-based interventions and outcomes directed at balance and mobility disorders were included. Various VR systems (customized and commercially available) were used as rehabilitation tools. Outcome measures included laboratory and clinical measures of balance and gait. Outcome measures of dynam...
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - May 10, 2015 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Anuja DarekarBradford McFadyenAnouk LamontagneJoyce Fung Source Type: research

Muscle synergies and spinal maps are sensitive to the asymmetry induced by a unilateral stroke
Conclusions: Muscle synergies and spinal maps reflect the asymmetry as a motor deficit after stroke. However, further investigations are required to support or reject the hypothesis that the altered muscular organization highlighted by muscle synergies and spinal maps may be due to the concomitant contribution of the altered information coming from the upper part of the CNS, as resulting from the stroke, and to the abnormal sensory feedback due to the neuromuscular adaptation of the patients.
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - April 18, 2015 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Martina CosciaVito MonacoChiara MartelloniBruno RossiCarmelo ChisariSilvestro Micera Source Type: research

Comprehensive neuromechanical assessment in stroke patients: reliability and responsiveness of a protocol to measure neural and non-neural wrist properties
Conclusions: Passive, active and reflexive parameters can be assessed with high reliability in post-stroke patients. Parameters were responsive to clinical status. The next step is longitudinal measurement of passive, active and reflexive parameters to establish their predictive value for functional outcome after stroke.
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - March 13, 2015 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Hanneke van der KrogtAsbjorn KlompJurriaan de GrootErwin de VlugtFrans van der HelmCarel MeskersJ Arendzen Source Type: research

A neuromechanics-based powered ankle exoskeleton to assist walking post-stroke: a feasibility study
Background: In persons post-stroke, diminished ankle joint function can contribute to inadequate gait propulsion. To target paretic ankle impairments, we developed a neuromechanics-based powered ankle exoskeleton. Specifically, this exoskeleton supplies plantarflexion assistance that is proportional to the user’s paretic soleus electromyography (EMG) amplitude only during a phase of gait when the stance limb is subjected to an anteriorly directed ground reaction force (GRF). The purpose of this feasibility study was to examine the short-term effects of the powered ankle exoskeleton on the mechanics and energetics of gait...
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - February 25, 2015 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Kota TakahashiMichael LewekGregory Sawicki Source Type: research

Instrumenting gait assessment using the Kinect in people living with stroke: reliability and association with balance tests
Conclusions: In conclusion, instrumenting gait using the Kinect is reliable and provides insight into the dynamic balance capacity of people living with stroke. This system provides a minimally intrusive method of examining potentially important gait characteristics in people living with stroke.
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - February 12, 2015 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Ross ClarkStephanie VernonBenjamin MentiplayKimberly MillerJennifer McGinleyYong PuaKade PatersonKelly Bower Source Type: research

Impaired corrective responses to postural perturbations of the arm in individuals with subacute stroke
Conclusions: This study used a simple postural perturbation task to highlight that subjects with stroke commonly have difficulties responding to mechanical disturbances that may have important implications for their ability to perform daily activities.
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - January 20, 2015 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Teige BourkeAngela CoderreStephen BaggSean DukelowKathleen NormanStephen Scott Source Type: research

Home-based Computer Assisted Arm Rehabilitation (hCAAR) robotic device for upper limb exercises after stroke: results of a feasibility study in home setting
Conclusions: The hCAAR feasibility study is the first clinical study of its kind reported in the current literature; in this study, 17 participants used the robotic device independently for eight weeks in their own homes with minimal supervision from healthcare professionals. Statistically significant improvements were observed in the kinematic and clinical outcomes in the study.
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - December 12, 2014 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Manoj SivanJustin GallagherSophie MakowerDavid KeelingBipin BhaktaRory O¿ConnorMartin Levesley Source Type: research

Home-based Computer Assisted Arm Rehabilitation (hCAAR) robotic device for upper limb exercise after stroke: results of a feasibility study in home setting
Conclusions: The hCAAR feasibility study is the first clinical study of its kind reported in the current literature; in this study, 17 participants used the robotic device independently for eight weeks in their own homes with minimal supervision from healthcare professionals. Statistically significant improvements were observed in the kinematic and clinical outcomes in the study.
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - December 12, 2014 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Manoj SivanJustin GallagherSophie MakowerDavid KeelingBipin BhaktaRory O¿ConnorMartin Levesley Source Type: research

Effects of contralesional robot-assisted hand training in patients with unilateral spatial neglect following stroke: a case series study
Conclusions: Some caution is warranted when interpreting our results, as the responses to the intervention were variable and might have been due to a placebo effect or fluctuating clinical conditions. However, robot-assisted hemispatial neglect therapy might be useful in stroke patients. Larger-scale investigations are needed to confirm our preliminary findings.
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - December 5, 2014 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Valentina VaraltaAlessandro PicelliCristina FonteGiulia MontemezziElisabetta La MarchinaNicola Smania Source Type: research

Chronic stroke patients show early and robust improvements in muscle and functional performance in response to eccentric-overload flywheel resistance training: a pilot study
Background: Resistance exercise comprising eccentric (ECC) muscle actions enhances muscle strength and function to aid stroke patients in conducting daily tasks. The purpose of this study was to assess the efficacy of a novel ECC-overload flywheel resistance exercise paradigm to induce muscle and functional performance adaptations in chronic stroke patients. Methods: Twelve patients (~8 years after stroke onset) performed 4 sets of 7 coupled concentric (CON) and ECC actions using the affected limb on a flywheel leg press (LP) device twice weekly for 8 weeks. Maximal CON and ECC isokinetic torque at 30, 60 and 90[degree sig...
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - October 30, 2014 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Rodrigo Fernandez-GonzaloCatarina NissemarkBirgitta ÅslundPer TeschPeter Sojka Source Type: research

Changes in activation timing of knee and ankle extensors during gait are related to changes in heteronymous spinal pathways after stroke
Conclusions: Increased co-activation of knee and ankle extensors during gait is related to changes in intersegmental facilitative pathways linking quadriceps to soleus on the paretic side in stroke individuals. Malfunction of intersegmental pathways could contribute to abnormal timing of leg extensors during the stance phase of gait in hemiparetic individuals.
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - October 24, 2014 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Joseph-Omer DyerEric MaupasSibele de Andrade MeloDaniel BourbonnaisSylvie NadeauRobert Forget Source Type: research

Cardiopulmonary exercise testing early after stroke using feedback-controlled robotics-assisted treadmill exercise: test-retest reliability and repeatability
This study investigated the test-retest reliability and repeatability of cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) using feedback-controlled robotics-assisted treadmill exercise (FC-RATE) in severely motor impaired individuals early after stroke. Methods: 20 subjects (age 44-84 years,
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - October 11, 2014 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Oliver StollerEling de BruinMatthias SchindelholzCorina Schuster-AmftRob de BieKenneth Hunt Source Type: research

TagTrainer: supporting exercise variability and tailoring in technology supported upper limb training
Conclusions: TagTrainer can support arm-hand rehabilitation training by increasing therapy variability and tailoring. Therapists consider TagTrainer most suited for group sessions where they supervise many patients at once. Therapists are motivated and are able to, with minimal training, create and tailor exercises for patients fitting individual needs and capabilities. Future research will examine the socio-technical conditions that will encourage therapists to contribute and share training content, and provide the peer support needed for the adoption of a new technology.
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - September 24, 2014 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Daniel TetterooAnnick TimmermansHenk SeelenPanos Markopoulos Source Type: research

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