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Foot force direction control during a pedaling task in individuals post-stroke
Conclusion: These findings suggested the preservation of foot-force control capabilities post-stroke under minimal upright postural control requirements. Further research must be conducted to determine whether inappropriate shear force generation will be revealed under non-seated, postural demanding conditions, where subjects have to actively control for upright body suspension.
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - April 16, 2014 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Jing Nong LiangDavid Brown Source Type: research

Motor recovery patterns in arm muscles: coupled bilateral training and neuromuscular stimulation
Conclusions: The findings indicate that capability to increase muscle activity during the three joint movements was improved after training. There appears to be higher muscle activation in the primary proximal and distal muscles necessary for motor control improvement.
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - April 11, 2014 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Nyeonju KangJerelyne IdicaBhullar AmitojJames Cauraugh Source Type: research

Physiological responses and energy cost of walking on the Gait Trainer with and without body weight support in subacute stroke patients
Background: Robotic-assisted walking after stroke provides intensive task-oriented training. But, despite the growing diffusion of robotic devices little information is available about cardiorespiratory and metabolic responses during electromechanically-assisted repetitive walking exercise. Aim of the study was to determine whether use of an end-effector gait training (GT) machine with body weight support (BWS) would affect physiological responses and energy cost of walking (ECW) in subacute post-stroke hemiplegic patients. Methods: Participants: six patients (patient group: PG) with hemiplegia due to stroke (age: 66 +/- 1...
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - April 10, 2014 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Anna DelussuGiovanni MoroneMarco IosaMaura BragoniMarco TraballesiStefano Paolucci Source Type: research

Assessment of biofeedback rehabilitation in post-stroke patients combining fMRI and gait analysis: a case study
Conclusions: Our findings showed that this methodology allows evaluation of the relationship between alterations in gait and brain activation of a post-stroke patient. Such methodology, if applied on a larger sample subjects, could provide information about the specific motor area involved in a rehabilitation treatment.
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - April 9, 2014 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Silvia Del DinAlessandra BertoldoZimi SawachaJohanna JonsdottirMarco RabuffettiClaudio CobelliMaurizio Ferrarin Source Type: research

A robotic object hitting task to quantify sensorimotor impairments in participants with stroke
Conclusions: As this object hit task requires just over two minutes to complete, it provides an objective and easy approach to quantify upper limb motor function and visuospatial skills following stroke.
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - April 2, 2014 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Kathrin TyryshkinAngela CoderreJanice GlasgowTroy HerterStephen BaggSean DukelowStephen Scott Source Type: research

Computer game-based upper extremity training in the home environment in stroke persons: a single subject design
The objective of the present study was to assess whether computer game-based training in the home setting in the late phase after stroke could improve upper extremity motor function. Methods: Twelve subjects with prior stroke were recruited; 11 completed the study.DesignThe study had a single subject design; there was a baseline test (A1), a during intervention test (B) once a week, a post-test (A2) measured directly after the treatment phase, plus a follow-up (C) 16-18 weeks after the treatment phase. Information on motor function (Fugl-Meyer), grip force (GrippitR) and arm function in activity (ARAT, ABILHAND) was gather...
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - March 13, 2014 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Angelique SlijperKarin SvenssonPer BacklundHenrik EngströmKatharina Sunnerhagen Source Type: research

Clinimetric properties of a novel feedback device for assessing gait parameters in stroke survivors
Conclusion: This study demonstrated good criterion validity and test-retest-reliability of FESTA for measuring specific gait parameters in chronic stroke patients. FESTA is a valid and reliable tool for capturing walking activity measurements in stroke, and has applicability to both clinical practice and research.
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - March 5, 2014 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Michiel PuntBelinda van AlphenIngrid van de PortJaap van DieënKathleen MichaelJacqueline OutermansHarriet Wittink Source Type: research

The effect of arm weight support on upper limb muscle synergies during reaching movements
Conclusions: The analysis of muscle synergies allowed us to identify a modular organization underlying the generation of arm reaching movements that appears to be invariant to the level of arm WS. The results of this study provide a normative dataset for the assessment of the effects of the level of arm WS on muscle synergies in stroke survivors and other patients who could benefit from upper limb rehabilitation with arm WS.
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - March 4, 2014 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Martina CosciaVincent CheungPeppino TropeaAlexander KoenigVito MonacoCaoimhe BennisSilvestro MiceraPaolo Bonato Source Type: research

Facilitating myoelectric-control with transcranial direct current stimulation: a preliminary study in healthy humans
This study on 12 healthy volunteers was conducted to investigate the effects of anodal tDCS of the primary motor cortex (M1) and cerebellum on latencies during isometric contraction of tibialis anterior (TA) muscle for myoelectric visual pursuit with quick initiation/termination of muscle activation i.e. 'ballistic EMG control' as well as modulation of EMG for 'proportional EMG control'. Results: The normalized delay in initiation and termination of muscle activity during post-intervention 'ballistic EMG control' trials showed a significant main effect of the anodal tDCS target: cerebellar, M1, sham (F(2) = 2.33, p
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - February 10, 2014 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Anirban DuttaWalter PaulusMichael Nitsche Source Type: research

Definition dependent properties of the cortical silent period in upper-extremity muscles, a methodological study
Conclusions: The use of different landmarks to define the SP offset as well as data presentation affect SP S-R characteristics of the ADM in healthy individuals.
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - January 7, 2014 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Annette van KuijkChantal BakkerJan HendriksAlexander GeurtsDick StegemanJaco Pasman Source Type: research

Functional impacts of exoskeleton-based rehabilitation in chronic stroke : multi-joint versus single-joint robotic training
Stroke is a major cause of disability in the world. The activities of upper limb segments are often compromised following a stroke, impairing most daily tasks. Robotic training is now considered amongst the rehabilitation methods applied to promote functional recovery. However, the implementation of robotic devices remains a major challenge for the bioengineering and clinical community. Latest exoskeletons with multiple degrees of freedom (DOF) may become particularly attractive, because of their low apparent inertia, the multiple actuators generating large torques, and the fact that patients can move the arm in the normal...
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - December 19, 2013 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Giuliana GrimaldiMario Manto Source Type: research

A crossover pilot study evaluating the functional outcomes of two different types of robotic movement training in chronic stroke survivors using the arm exoskeleton BONES
The objectives of this pilot study were to evaluate the impact of training with BONES on function of the affected upper limb, and to assess whether multijoint functional robotic training would translate into greater gains in arm function than single joint robotic training also conducted with BONES. Methods: Twenty subjects with mild to moderate chronic stroke participated in this crossover study. Each subject experienced multijoint functional training and single joint training three sessions per week, for four weeks, with the order of presentation randomized. The primary outcome measure was the change in Box and Block Test...
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - December 19, 2013 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Marie-Hélène MilotSteven SpencerVicky ChanJames AllingtonJulius KleinCathy ChouJames BobrowSteven CramerDavid Reinkensmeyer Source Type: research

Functional impacts of exoskeleton-based rehabilitation in chronic stroke: multi-joint versus single-joint robotic training
Stroke is a major cause of disability in the world. The activities of upper limb segments are often compromised following a stroke, impairing most daily tasks. Robotic training is now considered amongst the rehabilitation methods applied to promote functional recovery. However, the implementation of robotic devices remains a major challenge for the bioengineering and clinical community. Latest exoskeletons with multiple degrees of freedom (DOF) may become particularly attractive, because of their low apparent inertia, the multiple actuators generating large torques, and the fact that patients can move the arm in the normal...
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - December 19, 2013 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Giuliana GrimaldiMario Manto Source Type: research

Remote vibrotactile noise improves light touch sensation in stroke survivors¿ fingertips via stochastic resonance
This study determined if remote application of subthreshold vibrotactile noise (away from the fingertips) improves fingertip tactile sensation with potential to enhance dexterity for stroke survivors. Methods: Index finger and thumb pad sensation was measured for ten stroke survivors with fingertip sensory deficit using the Semmes-Weinstein Monofilament and Two-Point Discrimination Tests. Sensation scores were measured with noise applied at one of three intensities (40%, 60%, 80% of the sensory threshold) to one of four locations of the paretic upper extremity (dorsal hand proximal to the index finger knuckle, dorsal hand ...
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - October 11, 2013 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Leah EndersPilwon HurMichelle JohnsonNa Jin Seo Source Type: research

Remote vibrotactile noise improves light touch sensation in stroke survivors' fingertips via stochastic resonance
This study determined if remote application of subthreshold vibrotactile noise (away from the fingertips) improves fingertip tactile sensation with potential to enhance dexterity for stroke survivors. Methods: Index finger and thumb pad sensation was measured for ten stroke survivors with fingertip sensory deficit using the Semmes-Weinstein Monofilament and Two-Point Discrimination Tests. Sensation scores were measured with noise applied at one of three intensities (40%, 60%, 80% of the sensory threshold) to one of four locations of the paretic upper extremity (dorsal hand proximal to the index finger knuckle, dorsal hand ...
Source: Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation - October 11, 2013 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Leah EndersPilwon HurMichelle JohnsonNa Jin Seo Source Type: research

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