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Botulinum Toxin Type A for the Treatment of Lower Limb Spasticity after Stroke
AbstractPost-stroke lower limb spasticity impairs balance and gait leading to reduced walking speed, often increasing wheelchair use and caregiver burden. Several studies have shown that appropriate treatments for lower limb spasticity after stroke include injections of botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A), phenol or alcohol, surgical correction and a rehabilitation program. In the present article, we review the safety and effectiveness of BoNT-A for the treatment of lower limb spasticity after stroke, with a focus on higher doses of BoNT-A. The cumulative body of evidence coming from the randomized clinical trials and open-lab...
Source: Drugs - January 8, 2019 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Benefits and Risks of Non-Approved Injection Regimens for Botulinum Toxins in Spasticity
AbstractSpasticity with muscle paresis and loss of dexterity is a common feature of upper motor neuron syndrome due to injuries or the pyramidal tract in several neurological conditions. Botulinum toxin type A has been considered the gold standard treatment for spasticity and movement disorders, with efficacy, reversibility, and low prevalence of complications. During the last 30  years, thousands of studies of its use have been performed, but few guidelines are available. Therefore, there is great variability in both the doses and intervals of administration and the approaches taken by clinicians with considerable experi...
Source: Drugs - July 19, 2017 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research