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Perindopril increases the swallowing reflex by inhibiting substance P degradation and tyrosine hydroxylase activation in a rat model of dysphagia.
Abstract Patients with hypertension have a high risk of ischemic stroke and subsequent stroke-associated pneumonia. Stroke-associated pneumonia is most likely to develop in patients with dysphagia. The present study was designed to compare the ameliorative effects of different treatments in rat model of dysphagia. Spontaneously hypertensive rats were treated with bilateral common carotid artery occlusion (BCAO) to induce chronic cerebral hypoperfusion causing disorders of the swallowing reflex. Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors (perindopril, imidapril and enalapril), an angiotensin II type 1-receptor ...
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - November 12, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ikeda JI, Kojima N, Saeki K, Ishihara M, Takayama M Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

Drug effects on the CVS in conscious rats: separating cardiac output into heart rate and stroke volume using PKPD modelling
Conclusions and ImplicationsA systems pharmacology model characterizing the interrelationship between MAP, CO, HR, SV and TPR was obtained in hypertensive and normotensive rats. This extended model can quantify dynamic changes in the CVS and elucidate the MoA for novel compounds, with one site of action, using only HR and MAP measurements. Whether the model can be applied for compounds with a more complex MoA remains to be established.
Source: British Journal of Pharmacology - September 5, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: N Snelder, B A Ploeger, O Luttringer, D F Rigel, F Fu, M Beil, D R Stanski, M Danhof Tags: RESEARCH PAPER Source Type: research

Drug effects on the cardiovascular system in conscious rats – separating cardiac output into heart rate and stroke volume using PKPD modeling
Conclusions and ImplicationsA systems pharmacology model characterizing the interrelationship between MAP, CO, HR, SV and TPR has been obtained in hypertensive and normotensive rats. The extended model can be used to quantify the dynamic changes in the CVS and elucidate the MoA for novel compounds, with one site of action, using HR and MAP measurements only. The question whether the model can also be applied for compounds with a more complex mechanism of action remains to be established.
Source: British Journal of Pharmacology - June 24, 2014 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: N. Snelder, B.A. Ploeger, O. Luttringer, D.F. Rigel, F. Fu, M. Beil, D.R. Stanski, M. Danhof Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research