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Cellular and soluble immune checkpoint signaling forms PD-L1 and PD-1 in renal tumor tissue and in blood
AbstractImmune checkpoint blockade therapy is a treatment option of various metastatic cancer diseases including renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Approved antibody drugs target the co-inhibitory signaling of Programmed  Cell Death Ligand-1 (PD-L1) and its receptor Programmed Cell Death-1 (PD-1). The combined evaluation of PD-L1 and PD-1 at the mRNA and protein levels in tumor tissue with differentiation of tumor and immune cells as well as of soluble forms (sPD-L1) and (sPD-1) in blood is of basic interest in ass essing biomarker surrogates. Here, we demonstrate that PD-L1 determined as fraction of stained tumor cells (TPS-sco...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - September 10, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Blockade of CD73 delays glioblastoma growth by modulating the immune environment
This study indicates that CD73 knockdown using a nanotechnological approach to perform nasal delivery of siRNA-CD73 to CNS can potentially regulate the glioblastoma immune microenvironment and delay tumor growth by inducing apoptosis.
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - August 13, 2020 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

PD-L1 overexpression is partially regulated by EGFR/HER2 signaling and associated with poor prognosis in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer
AbstractImmunocheckpoint inhibitors targeting the programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and PD-1 ligand 1 (PD-L1) axis have shown promising results in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Recent research has shown that epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling affects PD-L1 expression in NSCLC cells; however, the mechanism regulating PD-L1 expression in tumor cells remains unclear. Using immunohistochemistry, we evaluated the impact of expression of PD-L1 and EGF family receptors EGFR and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) in tumor cells from 91 patients with pathological Stage IA –IIIA NSCLC. ...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - March 25, 2017 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Uncoupling protein 2 regulates metabolic reprogramming and fate of antigen-stimulated CD8+ T cells
Abstract Adoptive cell therapy (ACT) employing ex vivo-generated tumor antigen-specific CD8+ T cells shows tumor efficacy when the transferred cells possess both effector and memory functions. New strategies based on understanding of mechanisms that balance CD8+ T cell differentiation toward effector and memory responses are highly desirable. Emerging information confirms a central role for antigen-induced metabolic reprogramming in CD8+ T cell differentiation and clonal expansion. The mitochondrial protein uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) is induced by antigen stimulation of CD8+ T cells; however, its role in metaboli...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - June 5, 2016 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research

Electrochemotherapy of tumors as in situ vaccination boosted by immunogene electrotransfer
Abstract Electroporation is a platform technology for drug and gene delivery. When applied to cell in vitro or tissues in vivo, it leads to an increase in membrane permeability for molecules which otherwise cannot enter the cell (e.g., siRNA, plasmid DNA, and some chemotherapeutic drugs). The therapeutic effectiveness of delivered chemotherapeutics or nucleic acids depends greatly on their successful and efficient delivery to the target tissue. Therefore, the understanding of different principles of drug and gene delivery is necessary and needs to be taken into account according to the specificity of their deliver...
Source: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy - June 12, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Source Type: research