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Melatonin alleviates arginine vasopressin-induced cardiomyocyte apoptosis via increasing Mst1-Nrf2 pathway activity to reduce oxidative stress
In this study, high AVP doses were found to induce H9c2 cardiomyoblast apoptosis, demonstrated by increased terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL)-positive cells, pro-apoptotic B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2)-associated X protein (Bax) up-regulation, and anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 downregulation. This AVP-induced apoptotic increase, along with lowered cell viability, was also associated with higher reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and lowered mitochondrial membrane potentials (MMP), which were all reversed upon Mel administration. Further investigations found that apoptosis, ROS, and MMP outcomes unde...
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - October 2, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Shuang Chen You Li Shuai Fu Yang Li Chao Wang Ping Sun Hairu Li Jiawei Tian Guo-Qing Du Source Type: research

Melatonin inhibits angiotensin II-induced atrial fibrillation through preventing degradation of Ang II Type I Receptor-Associated Protein (ATRAP)
In this study, Ang II was used to induce AF, and AF inducibility and duration were documented telemetrically. Ang II-infused mice had a higher AF incidence, which was associated with atrial fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Melatonin partially inhibited these effects, and enforced expression of siRNA-ATRAP in atria counteracted the beneficial role of melatonin. Specifically, melatonin inhibited expression of Ang II-induced proteasome and immunoproteasome subunits β2, β2i, β5, and β5i as well as their corresponding trypsin-like and chymotrypsin-like activities and blocked ATRAP degradation. In turn, this inh...
Source: Biochemical Pharmacology - June 16, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Xin Xie Ting-Ting Shen Hai-Lian Bi Zhuo-Lin Su Zi-Qi Liao Ying Zhang Lei Shi Yun-Long Xia Source Type: research