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Source: Cancer Research
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Total 807 results found since Jan 2013.
Abstract 1346: Immunotherapy against breast cancer based on Stat3 blockade
In this study our objectives were to study whether immunization with supernatants (SN) produced by Stat3-blocked cells induces an antitumor immune response and to explore the contribution of senescence phenotype in this response. For that purpose we used BC models of ErbB-2-positive, JIMT-1 and KPL-4 cells (human) and C4HD cells (murine), and of triple negative, MDA-MB231 cells (human) and 4T1 cell (murine). Knockdown of Stat3 with siRNA in these cells, induced senescence (assessed by acidic β-galactosidase staining). In human BC cells the senescent phenotype was accompanied by up-regulation of p21cip1 and downregulation ...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: De Martino, M., Mercogliano, M. F., Tkach, M., Venturutti, L., Elizalde, P. V., Schillaci, R. Tags: Immunology Source Type: research
Abstract 2115: Effect of small interfering RNA targeting HPV E6/E7 gene on the regulation of TP53/Rb dynamic behaviour in cervical cancer cells
Human papillomavirus (HPV) E6 and E7 viral oncogenes are very well known to cause cervical cancer, because E6 degrades TP53 tumor suppressor protein, and E7 inactivates the tumor suppressor retinoblastoma (pRb) protein. Thus E6 and E7 oncogenes of HPV are supposed to be promising targets of gene therapy against HPV mediated cervical cancer. Here, we attempted to study the regulation of TP53/pRb proteins dynamic behaviour after HPV E6/E7 small interfering RNA (siRNA) transfection in cervical cancer cells. HPV positive (HeLa and Caski) cell lines were selected for these experiments. Herein, we also validated the dynamics of ...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Rajasekaran, N., Jung, H. S., Kim, Y. D., Kim, D. A., Ha, T. K., Na, Y. H., Shin, Y. k. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research
Abstract 4954: Serine/arginine splicing factor 1 (SRSF1) mediates DNA repair and chemo-sensitivity and drives growth in small cell lung cancer
Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) is the most aggressive subtype of lung cancer. Despite a high response rate to chemotherapy, more than 95% of patients eventually die from SCLC. We have identified that Serine/Arginine Splicing Factor 1 (SRSF1) DNA copy number gain and mRNA over-expression in tumor is strongly associated with poor survival based on whole exome sequencing (WES) and transcriptomic sequencing of primary tumors from 99 Chinese SCLC patients. Here, SRSF1 is evaluated as a tumor driver in SCLC. Treatment of SCLC cell lines in vitro with a low dose of cisplatin or topotecan (two of the most common standard of care in...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Conley, S. J., Yao, X., Huang, J., Higgs, B., Hu, Z., Xiao, Z., Zhong, H., Liu, Z., Brohawn, P., Ge, X., Czapiga, M., Oganesyan, V., Fu, H., Tice, D., Herbst, R., Su, X., Gu, Y., Gu, J., Han, B., Richman, L., Jallal, B., Jiang, L., Shen, H., Yao, Y. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research
Abstract 479: A novel dynamic delivery system enabling high efficiency transfection of cells
In this study, we demonstrate functional transfection of labeled plasmid DNA co-delivered with labeled siRNA illustrating the dual abilities of the TransIT-X2 Dynamic Delivery System. Additionally, extensive head-to-head comparisons with a popular liposomal reagent, Lipofectamine® 2000 were performed using a luciferase expression assay in 30 cell types; TransIT-X2 demonstrated superior performance in 20 cell types with 11 showing greater than 2-fold higher expression compared to Lipofectamine 2000. Transfection efficiency of green fluorescent protein (GFP) was measured using flow cytometry and visualized by microscopy; mo...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ludtke, J., Lauer, A., Storck, A., Rossi, N., Neder, K., Pinchuk, A., Juckem, L. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research
Abstract 499: RUNX2 protects human neuroblastoma cells against apoptosis
In conclusion, our study suggests that hypoxia up regulates RUNX2 in NB1691 cells in a HIF2α- dependent manner and RUNX2 protects neuroblastoma cells against apoptosis.
Citation Format: Manu Gnanamony, Indra Mohanam, Sanjeeva Mohanam. RUNX2 protects human neuroblastoma cells against apoptosis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;74(19 Suppl):Abstract nr 499. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2014-499
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Gnanamony, M., Mohanam, I., Mohanam, S. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research
Abstract 4468: Tumor vasculature targeting using cell-specific thioaptamer decorated chitosan nanoparticle
Anti-angiogenesis targeted therapy using RNA interference is a powerful tool to inhibit tumor growth and metastasis Here, we developed chitosan/thioaptamer nanoparticles that are capable of cell-type specific binding and delivery of siRNA into tumor-associated endothelial cells Thioaptamer (TA) was created by partial substitution of oxygen with sulfur on the aptamer phosphate backbone at the 5′dA position to enhance binding affinity and stability A combinatorial DNA aptamer library was established for cell-based selection method known as SELEX (systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment) Endothelial cells ...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jiang, D., Mangala, L. S., Wang, H., Wu, S., Rao, L. G., Rodriguez-Aguayo, C., Pradeep, S., Volk, D. E., Lopez-Berestein, G., Sood, A. K. Tags: Cancer Chemistry Source Type: research
Abstract 2622: Fluorocyclopentenylcytosine (RX-3117) is activated by uridine-cytidine kinase 2, a potential biomarker
Fluorocyclopentenylcytosine (RX-3117) is an orally bioavailable novel cytidine analog, currently being tested in a Phase I clinical trial. RX-3117 shows promising antitumor activity in various human tumor xenografts including patient derived xenografts resistant to gemcitabine. Initial characterization of RX-3117 indicates that this compound is incorporated into both RNA and DNA, and downregulates DNA methyltransferase I (DNMT1). RX-3117 is not deaminated by cytidine deaminase, an enzyme that limits the efficacy of most cytidine analogs due to extensive deamination. Our studies also demonstrate that RX-3117 is taken up by ...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Peters, G. J., Julsing, J. R., Smid, K., De Klerk, D., Sarkisjan, D., Yang, M. Y., Lee, Y. B., Kim, D. J. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research
Abstract 1406: Evoking potent RNAi response using novel 2'-OMe-phosphorodithioated modified siRNAs
Improving small interfering RNA (siRNA) efficacy in target cell populations remains a critical challenge to bringing siRNA therapy into the clinic. There is currently an unmet need to develop a reliable strategy to globally enhance siRNA stability and potency. Here, we report a novel chemical modification, consisting of phosphorodithioate (PS2) and 2′-O-Methyl (2′-OMe) MePS2 on a single nucleotide, that significantly enhances potency and resistance to nuclease degradation for a variety of siRNA sequences. We show a 3.5-fold improvement in gene silencing in tumors following systemic delivery of MePS2-modified siRNAs usi...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Wu, S., Yang, X., Egli, M., Ghaupure, K., Hatakeyama, H., McGuire, M., Rupaimoole, R., Miyake, T., Taylor, M., Pradeep, S., Nagaraja, A., Sierant, M., Singhania, R., Rodriguez-Aguayo, C., McMillan, N., Lopez-Berestein, G., Ram, P., Nawrot, B., Sood, A. K. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research
Abstract 4590: Cisplatin-RNAi nanotherapeutics for synergistic anti-tumor activity
Cisplatin and other DNA-damaging chemotherapeutics are widely used to treat a broad spectrum of malignancies. However, the development of acquired chemoresistance is a persistent clinical problem limiting the successful treatment of malignancies and considerable work has been done to identify the molecular mechanisms involved. Many possible mechanisms have been suggested for platinum resistance emergence, such as drug efflux, apoptosis inhibition among others. Recent studies have shown that the suppression of crucial gene products (e.g. REV1, REV3L) involved in the error-prone translesion DNA synthesis pathway can sensitiz...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Xu, X., Zhang, X., Xie, K., Walker, G., Farokhzad, O. Tags: Experimental and Molecular Therapeutics Source Type: research
Abstract 509: MicroRNA-140 suppresses the migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cell possibly through targeting Smad3
Conclusions miR-140 directly targets Smad3 in the post-transcriptional level. miR-140 suppresses the migrating and invasive potentials of CRC cell, possibly through down-regulating Smad3. The findings of this study suggest that miR-140 may have a unique potential as a possible biomarker candidate for tumor metastasis diagnosis and therapy.[Keywords] Colon neoplasms; microRNA-140; SMAD family member 3; Cell migration; Cell invasionCitation Format: Bo Song, Wenyue Zhao, Lianhong Li. MicroRNA-140 suppresses the migration and invasion of colorectal cancer cell possibly through targeting Smad3. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of th...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Song, B., Zhao, W., Li, L. Tags: Tumor Biology Source Type: research
Abstract 2273: c-Rel is a critical mediator of NF-{kappa}B-dependent apoptosis resistance of pancreatic cancer cells against TRAIL
In conclusion, c-Rel is a critical mediator of NF-κB dependent anti-apoptotic signalling in PDAC through activation of NFATc2 and COX-2.
Citation Format: Claudia Geismann, Frauke Grohmann, Gabriele Wirths, Susanne Sebens, Anita Dreher, Robert Häsler, Sebastian Zeissig, Stefan Schreiber, Philip Rosenstiel, Heiner Schäfer, Alexander Arlt. c-Rel is a critical mediator of NF-κB-dependent apoptosis resistance of pancreatic cancer cells against TRAIL. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2014 Apr 5-9; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2014;7...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Geismann, C., Grohmann, F., Wirths, G., Sebens, S., Dreher, A., Hasler, R., Zeissig, S., Schreiber, S., Rosenstiel, P., Schafer, H., Arlt, A. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research
Abstract 4460: Super carbonate apatite as simplified systemic nanoparticle carrier for therapy of solid tumors
Introduction: RNA interference technology is underway in clinical trials for limited diseases. RNAi technology for solid tumors, especially in systemic administration, still faces hurdles and has not emerged on the clinical stage. Here we introduce an in vivo pH sensitive delivery system of siRNA and microRNA using super carbonate apatite (sCA) nanoparticles (mean size: 10 nm), which simply consist of inorganic ions. In order to show the therapeutic superiority of the sCA system over currently available in vivo siRNA delivery systems, we perform further experiments comparing the sCA system with Invivofectamine 2.0 (IF) and...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Yamamoto, H., Wu, X., Miyazaki, S., Uemura, M., Hata, T., Nishimura, J., Takemasa, I., Mizushima, T., Doki, Y., Mori, M. Tags: Cancer Chemistry Source Type: research
Abstract 5418: Tumor-targeted nanoparticle delivery of HuR-RNAi suppresses lung cancer cell proliferation and cell migration
Conclusions. Tumor-targeted nanoparticle delivery of HuR-RNAi in lung cancer cells selectively inhibited HuR and HuR-regulated oncoproteins resulting in diminished cell proliferation and cell migration in vitro.
Acknowledgement. This study was funded by a grant (R01CA167516-01) from the National Cancer Institute.
Citation Format: Ranganayaki Muralidharan, Anish Babu, Kanthesh Basalingappa, Anupama Munshi, Rajagopal Ramesh. Tumor-targeted nanoparticle delivery of HuR-RNAi suppresses lung cancer cell proliferation and cell migration. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 105th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Canc...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Muralidharan, R., Babu, A., Basalingappa, K., Munshi, A., Ramesh, R. Tags: Cancer Chemistry Source Type: research
Abstract 2047: CDK10 promotes tumour growth and chemoresistance in colorectal cancer, and is a potential target for treatment
In this study, we were interested in examining the role of CDK10 in growth, apoptosis, chemoresistance, and as a therapeutic target in CRC.CRC cell lines stably overexpressing CDK10 wild type (WT) as well as a kinase defective/dominant negative (DN) form of CDK10 were established in CRC cell lines RKO, HCT-15 and MIP101. Knockdown of CDK10 was achieved via siRNA. MTS and colony-forming assays were used to examine the response to 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU); TUNEL, caspase 3/7 assays, for apoptosis; and signaling events by immunoblotting. Cell growth in vivo was monitored after injection of cell lines into the flanks of Nude mice...
Source: Cancer Research - August 2, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Weiswald, L.-B., Hasan, M. R., Rahman, M., Pasiliao, C., Tai, I. T. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research
Abstract 573: BRG1-inactivating mutations as potential predictive markers for Aurora kinase A-targeted therapies in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs)
Conclusions: BRG1-inactivating mutations make cells dependent to RAN/TPX2-mediated mitotic spindle assembly machinery and create targetable mitotic vulnerabilities in NSCLCs.
BRG1-mutant NSCLCs are sensitive to Aurora kinase A-targeted treatments due to its crucial role on RAN/TPX2-dependent mitotic spindle formation.
Our current data, thus far, suggest that wild-type BRG1-expressing cells tolerate the inhibition of AURKA due to properly regulated and, therefore, functionally normal centrosomes whereas BRG1 loss leads to centrosomal defects.
Citation Format: Vural Tagal, Shuguang Wei, Wei Zhang, Bruce A. Posner, John D. Mi...
Source: Cancer Research - September 30, 2014 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tagal, V., Wei, S., Zhang, W., Posner, B. A., Minna, J. D., Gazdar, A. F., Roth, M. G. Tags: Molecular and Cellular Biology Source Type: research
