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Sporozoite immunization: Innovative Translational Science to Support the Fight against malaria
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2023 Aug 11. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2023.2245890. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: Malaria, a devastating febrile illness caused by protozoan parasites, sickened 247,000,000 people in 2021 and killed 619,000, mostly children and pregnant women in sub-Saharan Africa. A highly effective vaccine is urgently needed, especially for Plasmodium falciparum (Pf), the deadliest human malaria parasite.AREAS COVERED: Sporozoites (SPZ), the parasite stage transmitted by Anopheles mosquitoes to humans, are the only vaccine immunogen achieving > 90% efficacy against Pf infection. This review describes &g...
Source: Cancer Control - August 12, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Thomas L Richie L W Preston Church Tooba Murshedkar Peter F Billingsley Eric R James Mei-Chun Chen Yonas Abebe None Natasha Kc Sumana Chakravarty David Dolberg Sara A Healy Halimatou Diawara Mahamadou S Sissoko Issaka Sagara David M Cook Judith E Epstein Source Type: research

Extracellular Vesicles derived from Plasmodium-infected Hosts as Stimuli of ''Trained'' Innate Immunity
Curr Med Chem. 2023 Feb 7. doi: 10.2174/0929867330666230207115157. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTAlthough the burden of malaria has been successfully controlled globally, this disease remains a major public health issue. To date, neither existing drugs nor vaccines against malaria are sufficient in eliminating malaria worldwide. To achieve the eradication of malaria by 2040, effective interventions targeting all Plasmodium species are urgently needed. As the cornerstone of vaccine design, immune memory serves a significant role in the host's defense against Plasmodium infections. It has long been considered that innate imm...
Source: Cancer Control - February 7, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Jin-Guang Chen Yun-Ting Du Chang-Hui Guan Hua-Yu Fan Yang-Ai Liu Ting Wang Xin Li Guang Chen Source Type: research

Viruses to rescue health: Vaccination
Med Sci (Paris). 2022 Dec;38(12):1052-1060. doi: 10.1051/medsci/2022168. Epub 2022 Dec 13.ABSTRACTViruses have been used as tools to prevent viral infections themselves for more than two centuries with impressive success. After the empirical discoveries of the first vaccines, today the development of genetic engineering, molecular virology, reverse genetics, the manipulation of viral genomes, their high-throughput sequencing and their chemical synthesis, the mastery of cell culture and purification methods have greatly benefited the development of viral vaccines. Since smallpox and rabies, the history of vaccinology has fo...
Source: Cancer Control - January 24, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Fr édéric Tangy Jean-Nicolas Tournier Source Type: research

Human IL-10-producing Th1 cells exhibit a molecular signature distinct from Tr1 cells in malaria
J Clin Invest. 2023 Jan 3;133(1):e153733. doi: 10.1172/JCI153733.ABSTRACTControl of intracellular parasites responsible for malaria requires host IFN-γ+T-bet+CD4+ T cells (Th1 cells) with IL-10 produced by Th1 cells to mitigate the pathology induced by this inflammatory response. However, these IL-10-producing Th1 (induced type I regulatory [Tr1]) cells can also promote parasite persistence or impair immunity to reinfection or vaccination. Here, we identified molecular and phenotypic signatures that distinguished IL-10-Th1 cells from IL-10+Tr1 cells in Plasmodium falciparum-infected people who participated in controlled h...
Source: Cancer Control - January 3, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Chelsea L Edwards Susanna S Ng Fabian de Labastida Rivera Dillon Corvino Jessica A Engel Marcela Montes de Oca Luzia Bukali Teija Cm Frame Patrick T Bunn Shashi Bhushan Chauhan Siddharth Sankar Singh Yulin Wang Jinrui Na Fiona H Amante Jessica R Loughland Source Type: research

The COVID-19 pandemic and disruptions to essential health services in Kenya: a retrospective time-series analysis
Lancet Glob Health. 2022 Sep;10(9):e1257-e1267. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(22)00285-6.ABSTRACTBACKGROUND: Public health emergencies can disrupt the provision of and access to essential health-care services, exacerbating health crises. We aimed to assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on essential health-care services in Kenya.METHODS: Using county-level data routinely collected from the health information system from health facilities across the country, we used a robust mixed-effect model to examine changes in 17 indicators of essential health services across four periods: the pre-pandemic period (from January, 2018 to ...
Source: Cancer Control - August 12, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Helen Kiarie Marleen Temmerman Mutono Nyamai Nzisa Liku Wangari Thuo Violet Oramisi Lilly Nyaga Janette Karimi Phidelis Wamalwa Gladwell Gatheca Valerian Mwenda Loice Achieng Ombajo S M Thumbi Essential Health Services Data Monitoring and Evaluation sub-w Source Type: research

Heterologous prime-boost strategies for COVID-19 vaccines
Conclusions/recommendations. Still, large controlled trials are warranted to address challenging variants of concerns including Omicron and other, and to generalize the effectiveness of the approach in regular as well as emergency use during vaccine scarcity.PMID:34918097 | DOI:10.1093/jtm/taab191
Source: Cancer Control - December 17, 2021 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Binaya Sapkota Bhuvan Saud Ranish Shrestha Dhurgham Al-Fahad Ranjit Sah Sunil Shrestha Alfonso J Rodriguez-Morales Source Type: research