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Community-Acquired Pneumonia in Adults: Rapid Evidence Review
Am Fam Physician. 2022 Jun 1;105(6):625-630.ABSTRACTCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common condition with a hospitalization rate of about 2% in people 65 years or older and is associated with a 30-day mortality rate of 6% in hospitalized patients. In studies conducted before the COVID-19 pandemic, a bacterial pathogen was identified in 11% of patients, a viral pathogen in 23% of patients, and no organism in 62% of patients. Certain signs and symptoms can be helpful in diagnosing CAP and selecting imaging studies. Diagnosis is usually made with a combination of history, physical examination, and findings on chest ra...
Source: American Family Physician - June 15, 2022 Category: Primary Care Authors: Jason Womack Jill Kropa Source Type: research

Community-Acquired Pneumonia
Ann Intern Med. 2022 Apr 12. doi: 10.7326/AITC202204190. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTCommunity-acquired pneumonia is an important cause of morbidity and mortality. It can be caused by bacteria, viruses, or fungi and can be prevented through vaccination with pneumococcal, influenza, and COVID-19 vaccines. Diagnosis requires suggestive history and physical findings in conjunction with radiographic evidence of infiltrates. Laboratory testing can help guide therapy. Important issues in treatment include choosing the proper venue, timely initiation of the appropriate antibiotic or antiviral, appropriate respiratory support, d...
Source: Annals of Internal Medicine - April 11, 2022 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Michael B Rothberg Source Type: research

Decline in pneumococcal nasopharyngeal carriage in children 6-23  months with respiratory illnesses following pneumococcal conjugate vaccine implementation
CONCLUSIONS: Following 7-valent PCV/ PCV13 introduction, pneumococcal carriage rates declined in respiratory diseases, but not in healthy children and children without respiratory infections. These trends suggest that a reduction in pneumococcal carriage rates during respiratory infections indicates a decline in respiratory infections caused by VT, while carriage rates in non-respiratory cases reflect non-VT predominance, that have low disease potential for respiratory disease.PMID:34481698 | DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.08.082
Source: Vaccine - September 5, 2021 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Leore Kotler David Greenberg Noga Givon-Lavi Bart Adriaan van der Beek Ron Dagan Shalom Ben-Shimol Source Type: research