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Infectious Disease: Tuberculosis

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Total 35529 results found since Jan 2013.

Efficacy and Safety of High-Dose Rifampin in Pulmonary Tuberculosis: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings of more rapid sputum sterilization and similar toxicity with higher rifampin doses support investigation of increased rifampin doses to shorten tuberculosis treatment. Clinical trial registration available at www.clinicaltrials.gov, ID NCT01408914. PMID: 29954183 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - June 29, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Velásquez GE, Brooks MB, Coit JM, Pertinez H, Vargas Vásquez D, Sánchez Garavito E, Calderón RI, Jiménez J, Tintaya K, Peloquin CA, Osso E, Tierney DB, Seung KJ, Lecca L, Davies GR, Mitnick CD Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Dose Optimization of H56:IC31 Vaccine for TB Endemic Populations: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Dose-Selection Trial.
CONCLUSIONS: Two or three H56:IC31 vaccinations at the lowest dose induced durable antigen-specific CD4 T cell responses with acceptable safety and tolerability profiles in M.tb-infected and uninfected adults. Additional studies should validate applicability of vaccine doses and regimens to both QFT-positive and negative individuals. Clinical trial registration available at www.clinicaltrials.gov, ID NCT01865487. PMID: 30092143 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - August 9, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Suliman S, Luabeya AKK, Geldenhuys H, Tameris M, Hoff ST, Shi Z, Tait D, Kromann I, Ruhwald M, Rutkowski KT, Shepherd B, Hokey D, Ginsberg AM, Hanekom WA, Andersen P, Scriba TJ, Hatherill M, H56-035 Trial Group Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Yield and Efficiency of Novel Intensified Tuberculosis Case-Finding Algorithms for People Living with HIV.
CONCLUSIONS: POC CRP-based screening can improve ICF efficiency among PLHIV. Addition of TB-LAM and a single culture to Xpert confirmatory testing could enable HIV programs to increase the speed of TB diagnosis and ICF yield. PMID: 30192649 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - September 7, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Yoon C, Semitala FC, Asege L, Katende J, Mwebe S, Andama AO, Atuhumuza E, Nakaye M, Armstrong DT, Dowdy DW, McCulloch CE, Kamya M, Cattamanchi A Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Xpert MTB/RIF Assay as a Substitute for Smear Microscopy in an Intermediate Burden Setting.
CONCLUSIONS: Xpert provides faster, more stable, and superior results compared to smear microscopy, in addition to its strong correlation with smear grade. Xpert might replace smear microscopy as the first-line diagnostic test for pulmonary tuberculosis in routine clinical practice in an intermediate-burden setting. PMID: 30252496 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - September 25, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Lee HS, Kee SJ, Shin JH, Kwon YS, Chun S, Lee JH, Won EJ, Choi HJ, Kim SH, Shin MG, Shin JH, Suh SP Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Improving Tuberculosis Case Finding in Persons Living with Advanced HIV through New Diagnostic Algorithms.
PMID: 30273498 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - October 1, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Martinez L, Andrews JR Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Tuberculosis Elimination, Research, and Respect for Persons.
PMID: 30339459 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - October 19, 2018 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Schluger NW Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Aetiology and Risk Factors for Mortality in an Adult Community-Acquired Pneumonia Cohort in Malawi.
CONCLUSIONS: In the ART era, CAP in Malawi remains predominantly HIV-associated with a large proportion attributable to potentially vaccine-preventable pathogens. Strategies to increase early detection and treatment of tuberculosis and improve supportive care, in particular the correction of hypoxaemia, should be evaluated in clinical trials to address CAP-associated mortality. PMID: 30625278 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - January 9, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Aston SJ, Ho A, Jary H, Huwa J, Mitchell T, Ibitoye S, Greenwood S, Joekes E, Daire A, Mallewa J, Everett D, Nyirenda M, Faragher B, Mwandumba HC, Heyderman RS, Gordon SB Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Spatial Network Mapping of Pulmonary Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Cavities Using RNA Sequencing.
CONCLUSION: These data provide novel insights into host immunity to drug-resistant Immune Mycobacterium tuberculosis-related cavitation. The pathways defined may serve as useful targets for the design of host-directed therapies, and transmission prevention interventions. PMID: 30694692 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - January 29, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Dheda K, Lenders L, Srivastava S, Magombedze G, Wainwright H, Raj P, Bush SJ, Pollara G, Steyn R, Davids M, Pooran A, Pennel T, Linegar A, McNerney R, Moodley L, Pasipanodya JG, Turner CT, Noursadeghi M, Warren RM, Wakeland E, Gumbo T Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Update in Lung Infections and Tuberculosis 2018.
PMID: 31042415 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - April 30, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Niederman MS, Nair GB, Matt U, Herold S, Pennington K, Crothers K, Cummings M, Schluger NW Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

The Occupational Burden of Nonmalignant Respiratory Diseases. An Official American Thoracic Society and European Respiratory Society Statement.
Conclusions: Workplace exposures contribute to the burden of disease across a range of nonmalignant lung conditions in adults (in addition to the 100% burden for the classic occupational pneumoconioses). This burden has important clinical, research, and policy implications. There is a pressing need to improve clinical recognition and public health awareness of the contribution of occupational factors across a range of nonmalignant respiratory diseases. PMID: 31149852 [PubMed - in process]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - May 31, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Blanc PD, Annesi-Maesano I, Balmes JR, Cummings KJ, Fishwick D, Miedinger D, Murgia N, Naidoo RN, Reynolds CJ, Sigsgaard T, Torén K, Vinnikov D, Redlich CA Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Tuberculosis Diagnosis in Children Using Xpert Ultra on Different Respiratory Specimens.
CONCLUSIONS: Induced sputum provides a better specimen than repeated nasopharyngeal aspirate for rapid diagnosis using Ultra. However, Ultra testing of combinations of specimens provides a novel strategy that can be adapted to identify most children with confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis. PMID: 31381861 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - August 4, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Zar HJ, Workman LJ, Prins M, Bateman LJ, Mbhele SP, Whitman CB, Denkinger CM, Nicol MP Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Comparative Modelling of Tuberculosis Epidemiology and Policy Outcomes in California.
Conclusions All models projected a stagnation in the decline of TB incidence, highlighting the need for additional interventions including greater access to LTBI diagnosis and treatment for non-US-born individuals. Differences in model results reflect gaps in historical data and uncertainty in the trends of key parameters, demonstrating the need for high-quality, up-to-date TB determinant and outcome data. PMID: 31626560 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - October 17, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Menzies NA, Parriott A, Shrestha S, Dowdy DW, Cohen T, Salomon JA, Marks SM, Hill AN, Winston CA, Asay G, Barry P, Readhead A, Flood J, Kahn JG, Shete PB Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Isoniazid and Rifapentine Treatment Eradicates Persistent Mycobacterium tuberculosis in Macaques.
CONCLUSIONS: Mtb can persist in asymptomatic macaques for at least 7 months. Furthermore, 3HP treatment effectively cleared bacteria and prevented reactivation of TB in latently-infected macaques. PMID: 31647877 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - October 23, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Foreman TW, Bucşan AN, Mehra S, Peloquin C, Doyle LA, Russell-Lodrigue K, Gandhi NR, Altman J, Day CL, Ernst JD, Blumberg HM, Rengarajan J, Kaushal D, TBRU-ASTRa Study Group Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Use of Modeling to Inform Tuberculosis Elimination Strategies.
PMID: 31697572 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - November 6, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Narita M, Sullivan Meissner J, Burzynski J Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research

Optimizing the Design of Latent Tuberculosis Treatment Trials: Insights from Mathematical Modeling.
CONCLUSIONS: Noninferiority trials of LTBI should enroll based on the most specific diagnostic tests available (IGRAs) to avoid misclassifying inferior treatment regimens as noninferior. PMID: 31711306 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine - November 10, 2019 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Stout JE, Turner NA, Belknap RW, Horsburgh CR, Sterling TR, Phillips PPJ Tags: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Source Type: research