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Diagnostic approach to functional recovery: diffusion-weighted imaging and tractography.
Authors: Raffin E, Dyrby TB Abstract There is evidence showing that white matter changes are clinically relevant and can be associated with cognitive disorders, slower mental processing speed or motor impairment. The complex structural organization of the white matter can be depicted in vivo in great detail with advanced diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI). From the simplest and most commonly used technique (e.g. the mapping of apparent diffusion coefficient values) to more advanced techniques (e.g. diffusion tensor imaging), it is now possible to visualize white matter fibers of the brain in a noninvasive way. This c...
Source: Frontiers of Neurology and Neuroscience - December 2, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Tags: Front Neurol Neurosci Source Type: research

Diagnostic approach to functional recovery: functional magnetic resonance imaging after stroke.
Authors: Havsteen I, Madsen KH, Christensen H, Christensen A, Siebner HR Abstract Stroke remains the most frequent cause of handicap in adult life and according to the WHO the second cause of death in the Western world. In the peracute phase, intravenous thrombolysis and in some cases endovascular therapy may induce early revascularization and hereby improve prognosis. However, only up to 20-25% of patients are eligible to causal treatment. Further, care in a specialized stroke unit improves prognosis in all patients independent of age and stroke severity. Even when it is not possible to prevent tissue loss, the su...
Source: Frontiers of Neurology and Neuroscience - December 2, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Tags: Front Neurol Neurosci Source Type: research

Mechanisms of functional recovery after stroke.
Authors: Ko SB, Yoon BW Abstract Stroke is a leading cause of disability. After initial stabilization, neurologic recovery takes place even in the acute phase. Well-known recovery mechanisms from stroke deficits are improvement from diaschisis, or functional reorganization of the ipsilesional or contralesional cortex with involvement of uncrossed corticospinal tract fibers. The importance of coactivation of the perilesional or contralesional cortex is unknown; however, neuronal plasticity plays an important role in neurologic recovery. With the recent advancements in knowledge regarding underlying mechanisms of neu...
Source: Frontiers of Neurology and Neuroscience - December 2, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Tags: Front Neurol Neurosci Source Type: research

Marcel Proust's fictional diseases and doctors.
Authors: Bogousslavsky J Abstract Marcel Proust (1875-1922), the son and brother of famous physicians, had close and continuous contact with medicine and doctors in connection with chronic asthma, neurasthenia, medical 'tourism', and self-medication. This proximity to medical issues is obvious in his work, particularly his novel In Search of Lost Time, which today is still considered one of the most important literary works ever. In this novel, medicine, patients, and doctors are everywhere, and it can be claimed that while it is often considered to be the great novel of memory, medicine in itself also can be seen ...
Source: Frontiers of Neurology and Neuroscience - December 2, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Tags: Front Neurol Neurosci Source Type: research

Misidentifications in Pirandello's plays and short stories.
Authors: Paciaroni M, Kilcline T Abstract Luigi Pirandello was an Italian playwright, novelist, short story writer, poet, and one of the leading dramatists of the twentieth century. Pirandello used his plays and short stories to express his life philosophy which included the irony and bitterness of self-deception. In his works, his characters possess highly complex personalities, portrayed by ongoing and overlapping conflicts between illusion and reality. These manifestations of double personalities and confusion between imagination and reality are today known as psychopathological phenomena, classified as both del...
Source: Frontiers of Neurology and Neuroscience - December 2, 2015 Category: Neuroscience Tags: Front Neurol Neurosci Source Type: research

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