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Neuroradiology for the Ophthalmologist
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 2021 Nov 19. doi: 10.1055/a-1671-1066. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTComputer tomography (CT) and magnet resonance imaging (MRI) are valuable imaging tools in order to examine various pathologies of the visual pathways. The advantage of CT is its short acquisition time of a few minutes, its availability making it an ideal tool in emergency medicine. It is extremely valuable in patients with cranio-cerebral trauma when an orbital or skull fracture or an intracerebral haemorrhage has to be assessed. In addition, CT-Angiography is used in the management of patients with an acute stroke. CT is mandatory...
Source: Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde - November 19, 2021 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Aikaterini Fitsiori Heimo Steffen Source Type: research

Central Ocular Motor Disorders: Clinical and Topographic Anatomical Diagnosis, Syndromes and Underlying Diseases
Klin Monbl Augenheilkd. 2021 Nov;238(11):1197-1211. doi: 10.1055/a-1654-0632. Epub 2021 Nov 16.ABSTRACTThe key to the diagnosis of ocular motor disorders is a systematic clinical examination of the different types of eye movements, including eye position, spontaneous nystagmus, range of eye movements, smooth pursuit, saccades, gaze-holding function, vergence, optokinetic nystagmus, as well as testing of the function of the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR) and visual fixation suppression of the VOR. This is like a window which allows you to look into the brain stem and cerebellum even if imaging is normal. Relevant anatomical ...
Source: Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde - November 16, 2021 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Michael Leo Strupp Dominik Straumann Christoph Helmchen Source Type: research

Effects of the First COVID-19 Lockdown on Ophthalmological Patient Care
CONCLUSION: There was marked loss of emergency cases and patients with chronic diseases. Making up for the losses in examinations and treatments will theoretically take weeks to months. To reduce the risk of morbidity, we recommend a prioritization model for rescheduling and future lockdown scenarios.PMID:34528232 | DOI:10.1055/a-1529-6726
Source: Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde - September 16, 2021 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Anna Schuh Stefan Kassumeh Valerie Schmelter Lilian Demberg Jakob Siedlecki Andreas Ansch ütz Thomas Kreutzer Wolfgang J Mayer Thomas Kohnen Mehdi Shajari Siegfried Priglinger Source Type: research

The Spectrum of Maculopathy in Mitochondrial DNA A3243G Mutation: A Case Series of Six Patients
CONCLUSIONS: A single mtDNA point mutation at locus 3243 can result in a variety of clinical presentations (MELAS, MIDD, or CPEO). Ocular involvement may manifest as a perimacular/peripapillary RPE atrophy/deposit, which can variably impact central visual function (from asymptomatic to legal blindness). The discovery of such a maculopathy should prompt the ophthalmologist to complete the personal and family history, namely, asking for the presence of diabetes mellitus and/or deafness.PMID:33930928 | DOI:10.1055/a-1386-5826
Source: Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde - April 30, 2021 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Eirini Kaisari Fran çois-Xavier Borruat Source Type: research

Retinal Artery Occlusions.
Authors: Lang GE, Lang SJ Abstract Retinal artery occlusions are acute vascular diseases. Very often they are caused by an embolisation. Rarely a thrombosis is caused by an arteriitis. In the acute phase diagnosis in most of the cases can be made by ophthalmoscopy due to the whitish retinal edema and in central retinal artery occlusion the cherry red spot. Difficulties in making the diagnosis can occur in the chronic stage, especially after reperfusion of the retinal vessels, when the fundus colour returned to normal again. Several diagnostic procedures help to make the diagnosis. Unfortunately there is no generall...
Source: Klinische Monatsblatter fur Augenheilkunde - November 21, 2017 Category: Opthalmology Tags: Klin Monbl Augenheilkd Source Type: research