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Association between the mode of transport and in-hospital medical complications in trauma patients: findings from a level-I trauma center in Saudi Arabia
CONCLUSION:Multiple factors may influence this unexpected finding, such as distance to health care set.tings, the belief that PT is faster or lack of knowledge of the EMS contact number. Further efforts are needed to raise awareness of the importance of using EMS to transport trauma patients to hospitals. Prevention programs to reduce traffic crashes may facilitate reduction in traumatic injuries and associated complications. LIMITATIONS:Retrospective and conducted in one center only.   
Source: Annals of Saudi Medicine - February 8, 2018 Category: General Medicine Tags: ISSUE 1 Source Type: research

Infective Endocarditis at a Hospital in Saudi Arabia: Epidemiology, Bacterial Pathogens and Outcome
CONCLUSION: Native valve endocarditis is the predominant type of endocarditis. The patients were older adults and the most common organisms wereSaureus, E faecalis and viridans streptococci. Ann Saudi Med 2009; 29(6): 433-436
Source: Annals of Saudi Medicine - November 18, 2017 Category: General Medicine Tags: ISSUE 6 Source Type: research

Polycythemia and chorea
To the Editor: Neurological manifestations of polycythemia occur frequently (50%-78%) and include headache, vertigo, stroke, visual symptoms, tinnitus, and paresthesia.1 Chorea, however, is a rare and infrequently
Source: Annals of Saudi Medicine - July 26, 2017 Category: General Medicine Tags: ISSUE 1 Source Type: research

Health-related quality of life in first-ever stroke patients
CONCLUSION: In this study, we found that age and functional status had a powerful influence on HRQOL. Comprehensive therapy programs aimed to improve HRQOL should focus on improving functional disability, particularly in older stroke patients. There is a need for long-term follow-up studies in stroke patients throughout all recovery stages to evaluate HRQOL in more detail.
Source: Annals of Saudi Medicine - July 26, 2017 Category: General Medicine Tags: ISSUE 1 Source Type: research

Association Between Plasma Homocysteine Concentrations and Extracranial Carotid Stenosis
This study examined the association between tHcy level and carotid stenosis in Iranian subjects. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, the subjects were 158 patients with ischemic stroke, including 105 with a normal tHcy level and 53 with a high tHcy level. We investigated the extracranial carotid arteries by ultrasonography and measured serum tHcy by the ELISA method in these two groups. RESULTS: We found no meaningful association between a high tHcy level and carotid stenosis.DISCUSSION: The lack of any meaningful difference in carotid stenosis between patients with normal and elevated tHcy levels ...
Source: Annals of Saudi Medicine - May 12, 2017 Category: General Medicine Tags: ISSUE 2 Source Type: research

The Prevalence of Obesity Among Saudi Males in the Riyadh Region
Attendees of 15 health centers in Urban and rural areas in the Riyadh region were screened for obesity during May and June 1994. Systemic selection yielded 1580 Saudi males for analysis. The mean age was 33.6± 13.5 years and body mass index (BMI) was 26.9± 5.7 kg/m2. Only 36.6% of subjects were their ideal weight (BMI< 25 kg/m2), while 34.8% were overweight (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2), 26.9% were moderately obese (BMI 3.0-40 kg/m2) and 1.7% were morbidly obese (BMI> 40 kg/m2). Middle age, lower education and joblessness predicted a higher risk for obesity. Patients living in rural areas had greater BMIs than th...
Source: Annals of Saudi Medicine - May 10, 2017 Category: General Medicine Tags: ISSUE 3 Source Type: research

Relationship of Leukoaraiosis to Vascular Risk Factors and Lesion Type in Stroke Patients
Nonspecific periventricular white matter lucencies on computed tomograms (leukoaraiosis) were found in 49 (55%) of 89 stroke patients. We compared the vascular risk factors and the types of stroke with and without leukoaraiosis. Patients with leukoaraiosis were significantly older than those without it. The duration of hypertension was longer than those without leukoaraiosis. Mean diastolic blood pressure was associated with leukoaraiosis. No association was found with systolic blood pressure, diabetes mellitus, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, heart failure, valvular disease and intermittent claudication. Patients ...
Source: Annals of Saudi Medicine - May 4, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Tags: ISSUE 2 Source Type: research

Community Survey of Neurological Disorders in Saudi Arabia: Results of The Pilot Study in Agrabiah
A pilot study of the Agrabiah area in Al-Khobar was undertaken to field test study methodologies and identify possible limitations and constraints to a planned community survey for neurological disorders in the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia. The survey used a pre-tested questionnaire administered by trained personnel to all subjects living within 50 blocks randomly selected from the 198 inhabited ones in the area. Subjects with abnormal responses on screening were then evaluated by neurologists using specific guidelines and criteria to establish the diagnosis of neurological disease. One thousand four hundred and eighty...
Source: Annals of Saudi Medicine - May 4, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Tags: ISSUE 1 Source Type: research

Very Early Morning Increase in Onset of Ischemic Stroke
A study was conducted on 525 consecutive patients ranging in age from 36 years to 86 years to determine whether diurnal variation occurs in the onset of acute ischemic stroke. There was a clear (Dmax=0.19,P<0.01) diurnal variation with a significant (t=-4.96,P<0.001)peak between four a.m. and six a.m. Strokes occurred more often during the two hours following awakening than during any other time of the day. The peak time of ischemic stroke in our study was about two hours earlier than in previous reports, probably because of the different waking times of the studied populations. We concluded that the time of awakenin...
Source: Annals of Saudi Medicine - May 3, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Tags: ISSUE 3 Source Type: research

Hyperlipidemia in Diabetes Mellitus:Pathogenesis, Diagnosis,
This report describes changes in lipid and lipoprotein concentration, the diagnostic evaluation, and the management of lipid disorders in diabetic subjects.
Source: Annals of Saudi Medicine - April 25, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Tags: ISSUE 2 Source Type: research

Profile of Neurological Problems in Diabetes Mellitus: Retrospective Analysis of Data From 1294 Patients
Data from 1294 patients with diabetes mellitus admitted to the Endocrinology Department of the Institute of Medical Sciences, Srinagar, Kashmir, from 1986 to 1994, were analyzed for frequency of various neurological problems. Of 1294 patients, 46.29% had clinical evidence of one or more neurological problems. The frequency of neurological problems was significantly more in patients with type II diabetes mellitus (P<0.001). Predominant neurological problems included peripheral neuropathy (96.66%), stroke (5.51%), Parkinsonism (1.50%), seizure disorder (1.17%) and dementia (1%). Mean (+SD) age of patients with neurologica...
Source: Annals of Saudi Medicine - April 24, 2017 Category: Journals (General) Tags: ISSUE 1 Source Type: research

Trends in one-year mortality for stroke in a tertiary academic center in Saudi Arabia: a 5-year retrospective analysis
CONCLUSION: We observed no decline in stroke mortality in our center over the 5-year span. The establishment of stroke systems of care, use of thrombolytic agents, and opening of a stroke unit should play an important role in a decline in stroke mortality.  LIMITATIONS: Retrospective single center study. Mortality data were available only for patients who died in our hospital.   
Source: Annals of Saudi Medicine - May 29, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Tags: ISSUE 3 Source Type: research

Characteristics, diagnosis and outcome of patients referred to a specialized neurology emergency clinic: prospective observational study
CONCLUSIONS: Neurological diseases are common, with headache and cerebrovascular diseases being the most frequent diagnosis in this specialized ER. CT and MRI are most often used to diagnose or exclude neurological diseases. Many patients do not require immediate hospitalization. The two most frequent diagnoses for hospitalization were stroke and demyelinating disease.    LIMITATIONS: Absence of follow up data on patients discharged home.   
Source: Annals of Saudi Medicine - February 28, 2016 Category: Journals (General) Tags: ISSUE 1 Source Type: research